Ocean Acidity

This indicator describes changes in the chemistry of the ocean that relate to the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the water.

This indicator describes changes in the chemistry of the ocean that relate to the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the water.

Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1. Ocean Carbon Dioxide Levels and Acidity, 1983-2022

Data source: Bates, 2016; González-Dávila, 2012; University of South Florida, 2021; University of Hawaii, 2023
Web update: June 2024

Figure data (CSV) EPA source data (CSV)

This figure shows the relationship between changes in ocean carbon dioxide levels (measured in the left column as a partial pressure—a common way of measuring the amount of a gas) and acidity (measured as pH in the right column). The data come from two observation stations in the North Atlantic Ocean (Bermuda and Canary Islands), one in the Caribbean Sea (Cariaco), and one in the Pacific (Hawaii). The up-and-down pattern shows the influence of seasonal variations.

As in EPA’s figure, carbon dioxide is in the left column and pH in the right, with one station per row. Every panel in a column shares the same vertical scale, so stations can be compared directly.

Data sources: Bates, 2016;⁶ González-Dávila, 2012;⁷ University of South Florida, 2021;⁸ University of Hawaii, 2023⁹

Show the data behind this figure

Station	Decimal year	Measure	Value	Unit
Hawaii	1988.833333	pH	8.1097	pH
Hawaii	1988.920765	pH	8.1092	pH
Hawaii	1989.021918	pH	8.1168	pH
Hawaii	1989.156164	pH	8.1316	pH
Hawaii	1989.235616	pH	8.1218	pH
Hawaii	1989.378082	pH	8.1158	pH
Hawaii	1989.479452	pH	8.1018	pH
Hawaii	1989.575342	pH	8.0991	pH
Hawaii	1989.646575	pH	8.093	pH
Hawaii	1989.726027	pH	8.099	pH
Hawaii	1989.79726	pH	8.0858	pH
Hawaii	1989.906849	pH	8.1101	pH
Hawaii	1990.013699	pH	8.1332	pH
Hawaii	1990.126027	pH	8.1229	pH
Hawaii	1990.213699	pH	8.134	pH
Hawaii	1990.282192	pH	8.1229	pH
Hawaii	1990.353425	pH	8.1167	pH
Hawaii	1990.449315	pH	8.1232	pH
Hawaii	1990.564384	pH	8.1084	pH
Hawaii	1990.70411	pH	8.085	pH
Hawaii	1990.964384	pH	8.1212	pH
Hawaii	1991.093151	pH	8.1256	pH
Hawaii	1991.180822	pH	8.1263	pH
Hawaii	1991.273973	pH	8.1231	pH
Hawaii	1991.350685	pH	8.1144	pH
Hawaii	1991.427397	pH	8.1139	pH
Hawaii	1991.523288	pH	8.112	pH
Hawaii	1991.608219	pH	8.0992	pH
Hawaii	1991.715068	pH	8.0943	pH
Hawaii	1991.805479	pH	8.0981	pH
Hawaii	1991.934247	pH	8.104	pH
Hawaii	1992.013661	pH	8.1177	pH
Hawaii	1992.125683	pH	8.1256	pH
Hawaii	1992.180328	pH	8.119	pH
Hawaii	1992.295082	pH	8.1099	pH
Hawaii	1992.439891	pH	8.1152	pH
Hawaii	1992.510929	pH	8.0977	pH
Hawaii	1992.595628	pH	8.0956	pH
Hawaii	1992.729508	pH	8.0933	pH
Hawaii	1992.803279	pH	8.087	pH
Hawaii	1992.898907	pH	8.1052	pH
Hawaii	1992.959016	pH	8.1161	pH
Hawaii	1993.054795	pH	8.1349	pH
Hawaii	1993.131507	pH	8.1325	pH
Hawaii	1993.287671	pH	8.1074	pH
Hawaii	1993.386301	pH	8.1105	pH
Hawaii	1993.706849	pH	8.0802	pH
Hawaii	1993.830137	pH	8.094	pH
Hawaii	1994.054795	pH	8.1508	pH
Hawaii	1994.131507	pH	8.1357	pH
Hawaii	1994.186301	pH	8.1204	pH
Hawaii	1994.465753	pH	8.1021	pH
Hawaii	1994.564384	pH	8.0858	pH
Hawaii	1994.663014	pH	8.0883	pH
Hawaii	1994.728767	pH	8.0875	pH
Hawaii	1994.789041	pH	8.088	pH
Hawaii	1994.884932	pH	8.1048	pH
Hawaii	1995.10137	pH	8.1099	pH
Hawaii	1995.172603	pH	8.1171	pH
Hawaii	1995.263014	pH	8.1038	pH
Hawaii	1995.347945	pH	8.1149	pH
Hawaii	1995.578082	pH	8.0937	pH
Hawaii	1995.660274	pH	8.0933	pH
Hawaii	1995.736986	pH	8.0886	pH
Hawaii	1995.821918	pH	8.0997	pH
Hawaii	1995.879452	pH	8.1135	pH
Hawaii	1996.046448	pH	8.1074	pH
Hawaii	1996.237705	pH	8.1122	pH
Hawaii	1996.314208	pH	8.1066	pH
Hawaii	1996.39071	pH	8.0946	pH
Hawaii	1996.486339	pH	8.0902	pH
Hawaii	1996.571038	pH	8.0889	pH
Hawaii	1996.639344	pH	8.0829	pH
Hawaii	1996.754098	pH	8.0836	pH
Hawaii	1996.830601	pH	8.0924	pH
Hawaii	1996.945355	pH	8.1014	pH
Hawaii	1997.021918	pH	8.1102	pH
Hawaii	1997.134247	pH	8.0856	pH
Hawaii	1997.194521	pH	8.1138	pH
Hawaii	1997.271233	pH	8.1155	pH
Hawaii	1997.347945	pH	8.101	pH
Hawaii	1997.424658	pH	8.1058	pH
Hawaii	1997.520548	pH	8.0895	pH
Hawaii	1997.586301	pH	8.089	pH
Hawaii	1997.734247	pH	8.0805	pH
Hawaii	1997.928767	pH	8.1083	pH
Hawaii	1998.030137	pH	8.1097	pH
Hawaii	1998.136986	pH	8.1135	pH
Hawaii	1998.210959	pH	8.1044	pH
Hawaii	1998.287671	pH	8.1078	pH
Hawaii	1998.364384	pH	8.105	pH
Hawaii	1998.460274	pH	8.0937	pH
Hawaii	1998.536986	pH	8.0805	pH
Hawaii	1998.608219	pH	8.0818	pH
Hawaii	1998.742466	pH	8.076	pH
Hawaii	1998.8	pH	8.0818	pH
Hawaii	1998.863014	pH	8.0825	pH
Hawaii	1998.939726	pH	8.0948	pH
Hawaii	1999.035616	pH	8.0895	pH
Hawaii	1999.134247	pH	8.0997	pH
Hawaii	1999.208219	pH	8.135	pH
Hawaii	1999.284932	pH	8.123	pH
Hawaii	1999.356164	pH	8.1	pH
Hawaii	1999.534247	pH	8.0938	pH
Hawaii	1999.616438	pH	8.0759	pH
Hawaii	1999.789041	pH	8.0711	pH
Hawaii	1999.857534	pH	8.0824	pH
Hawaii	1999.956164	pH	8.0818	pH
Hawaii	2000.092896	pH	8.0966	pH
Hawaii	2000.166667	pH	8.0946	pH
Hawaii	2000.243169	pH	8.0942	pH
Hawaii	2000.319672	pH	8.0941	pH
Hawaii	2000.398907	pH	8.0677	pH
Hawaii	2000.472678	pH	8.0831	pH
Hawaii	2000.568306	pH	8.0872	pH
Hawaii	2000.644809	pH	8.0827	pH
Hawaii	2000.797814	pH	8.0678	pH
Hawaii	2000.915301	pH	8.095	pH
Hawaii	2000.969945	pH	8.0922	pH
Hawaii	2001.046575	pH	8.0929	pH
Hawaii	2001.123288	pH	8.0881	pH
Hawaii	2001.219178	pH	8.0894	pH
Hawaii	2001.29589	pH	8.0938	pH
Hawaii	2001.372603	pH	8.0948	pH
Hawaii	2001.452055	pH	8.0984	pH
Hawaii	2001.526027	pH	8.0857	pH
Hawaii	2001.60274	pH	8.0757	pH
Hawaii	2001.753425	pH	8.068	pH
Hawaii	2001.810959	pH	8.0885	pH
Hawaii	2001.879452	pH	8.0814	pH
Hawaii	2001.953425	pH	8.0925	pH
Hawaii	2002.043836	pH	8.0959	pH
Hawaii	2002.142466	pH	8.108	pH
Hawaii	2002.19726	pH	8.1085	pH
Hawaii	2002.386301	pH	8.0811	pH
Hawaii	2002.493151	pH	8.071	pH
Hawaii	2002.657534	pH	8.0706	pH
Hawaii	2002.767123	pH	8.0862	pH
Hawaii	2002.843836	pH	8.0876	pH
Hawaii	2002.90137	pH	8.0876	pH
Hawaii	2002.967123	pH	8.0937	pH
Hawaii	2003.046575	pH	8.1025	pH
Hawaii	2003.156164	pH	8.104	pH
Hawaii	2003.241096	pH	8.1016	pH
Hawaii	2003.312329	pH	8.0963	pH
Hawaii	2003.386301	pH	8.0905	pH
Hawaii	2003.468493	pH	8.0824	pH
Hawaii	2003.550685	pH	8.0777	pH
Hawaii	2003.638356	pH	8.0829	pH
Hawaii	2003.789041	pH	8.0873	pH
Hawaii	2003.860274	pH	8.0884	pH
Hawaii	2003.969863	pH	8.1134	pH
Hawaii	2004.060109	pH	8.0967	pH
Hawaii	2004.153005	pH	8.1096	pH
Hawaii	2004.218579	pH	8.1244	pH
Hawaii	2004.306011	pH	8.0988	pH
Hawaii	2004.382514	pH	8.0878	pH
Hawaii	2004.459016	pH	8.0852	pH
Hawaii	2004.532787	pH	8.0701	pH
Hawaii	2004.625683	pH	8.071	pH
Hawaii	2004.745902	pH	8.0705	pH
Hawaii	2004.833333	pH	8.0836	pH
Hawaii	2004.909836	pH	8.0898	pH
Hawaii	2004.972678	pH	8.0992	pH
Hawaii	2005.090411	pH	8.0963	pH
Hawaii	2005.175342	pH	8.1065	pH
Hawaii	2005.378082	pH	8.0899	pH
Hawaii	2005.454795	pH	8.0809	pH
Hawaii	2005.542466	pH	8.0664	pH
Hawaii	2005.619178	pH	8.0751	pH
Hawaii	2005.693151	pH	8.0601	pH
Hawaii	2005.772603	pH	8.0777	pH
Hawaii	2005.865753	pH	8.0843	pH
Hawaii	2005.950685	pH	8.0888	pH
Hawaii	2006.068493	pH	8.1135	pH
Hawaii	2006.126027	pH	8.0953	pH
Hawaii	2006.189041	pH	8.1084	pH
Hawaii	2006.252055	pH	8.104	pH
Hawaii	2006.40274	pH	8.0901	pH
Hawaii	2006.452055	pH	8.0646	pH
Hawaii	2006.531507	pH	8.0804	pH
Hawaii	2006.605479	pH	8.0723	pH
Hawaii	2006.709589	pH	8.077	pH
Hawaii	2006.805479	pH	8.0679	pH
Hawaii	2006.857534	pH	8.0772	pH
Hawaii	2006.942466	pH	8.0908	pH
Hawaii	2007.10411	pH	8.1047	pH
Hawaii	2007.219178	pH	8.0973	pH
Hawaii	2007.342466	pH	8.0808	pH
Hawaii	2007.517808	pH	8.0631	pH
Hawaii	2007.591781	pH	8.066	pH
Hawaii	2007.673973	pH	8.0616	pH
Hawaii	2007.756164	pH	8.0639	pH
Hawaii	2007.920548	pH	8.0678	pH
Hawaii	2007.972603	pH	8.0856	pH
Hawaii	2008.081967	pH	8.0957	pH
Hawaii	2008.150273	pH	8.0957	pH
Hawaii	2008.407104	pH	8.0694	pH
Hawaii	2008.486339	pH	8.0735	pH
Hawaii	2008.571038	pH	8.0635	pH
Hawaii	2008.628415	pH	8.0729	pH
Hawaii	2008.778689	pH	8.0799	pH
Hawaii	2008.918033	pH	8.0816	pH
Hawaii	2009.057534	pH	8.0996	pH
Hawaii	2009.134247	pH	8.1084	pH
Hawaii	2009.326027	pH	8.0898	pH
Hawaii	2009.405479	pH	8.0693	pH
Hawaii	2009.506849	pH	8.0676	pH
Hawaii	2009.564384	pH	8.0584	pH
Hawaii	2009.632877	pH	8.0614	pH
Hawaii	2009.734247	pH	8.0541	pH
Hawaii	2009.843836	pH	8.0667	pH
Hawaii	2009.942466	pH	8.0801	pH
Hawaii	2010.189041	pH	8.0969	pH
Hawaii	2010.265753	pH	8.0968	pH
Hawaii	2010.380822	pH	8.0839	pH
Hawaii	2010.438356	pH	8.0688	pH
Hawaii	2010.520548	pH	8.0703	pH
Hawaii	2010.60274	pH	8.0785	pH
Hawaii	2010.676712	pH	8.0691	pH
Hawaii	2010.758904	pH	8.0651	pH
Hawaii	2010.890411	pH	8.0715	pH
Hawaii	2011.079452	pH	8.0891	pH
Hawaii	2011.164384	pH	8.0918	pH
Hawaii	2011.279452	pH	8.0885	pH
Hawaii	2011.356164	pH	8.0797	pH
Hawaii	2011.550685	pH	8.0696	pH
Hawaii	2011.663014	pH	8.0717	pH
Hawaii	2011.739726	pH	8.0645	pH
Hawaii	2011.846575	pH	8.0674	pH
Hawaii	2011.912329	pH	8.0802	pH
Hawaii	2011.969863	pH	8.0811	pH
Hawaii	2012.051913	pH	8.0876	pH
Hawaii	2012.23224	pH	8.0905	pH
Hawaii	2012.336066	pH	8.0789	pH
Hawaii	2012.415301	pH	8.0725	pH
Hawaii	2012.489071	pH	8.0664	pH
Hawaii	2012.584699	pH	8.0563	pH
Hawaii	2012.631148	pH	8.0499	pH
Hawaii	2012.70765	pH	8.0477	pH
Hawaii	2012.770492	pH	8.0587	pH
Hawaii	2012.92623	pH	8.0697	pH
Hawaii	2013.120548	pH	8.0821	pH
Hawaii	2013.180822	pH	8.084	pH
Hawaii	2013.263014	pH	8.0822	pH
Hawaii	2013.378082	pH	8.0571	pH
Hawaii	2013.484932	pH	8.0581	pH
Hawaii	2013.69863	pH	8.0499	pH
Hawaii	2013.753425	pH	8.0633	pH
Hawaii	2013.824658	pH	8.0563	pH
Hawaii	2013.906849	pH	8.0733	pH
Hawaii	2013.972603	pH	8.0824	pH
Hawaii	2014.043836	pH	8.0817	pH
Hawaii	2014.126027	pH	8.0888	pH
Hawaii	2014.178082	pH	8.0806	pH
Hawaii	2014.276712	pH	8.0857	pH
Hawaii	2014.416438	pH	8.0751	pH
Hawaii	2014.49863	pH	8.06	pH
Hawaii	2014.706849	pH	8.0417	pH
Hawaii	2014.786301	pH	8.0516	pH
Hawaii	2014.893151	pH	8.0709	pH
Hawaii	2014.961644	pH	8.0744	pH
Hawaii	2015.153425	pH	8.0781	pH
Hawaii	2015.241096	pH	8.0776	pH
Hawaii	2015.306849	pH	8.0822	pH
Hawaii	2015.394521	pH	8.0764	pH
Hawaii	2015.468493	pH	8.058	pH
Hawaii	2015.550685	pH	8.0424	pH
Hawaii	2015.616438	pH	8.0536	pH
Hawaii	2015.786301	pH	8.0639	pH
Hawaii	2015.871233	pH	8.067	pH
Hawaii	2015.939726	pH	8.0711	pH
Hawaii	2016.035519	pH	8.0818	pH
Hawaii	2016.112022	pH	8.0814	pH
Hawaii	2016.188525	pH	8.0832	pH
Hawaii	2016.289617	pH	8.0779	pH
Hawaii	2016.409836	pH	8.0642	pH
Hawaii	2016.530055	pH	8.0581	pH
Hawaii	2016.60929	pH	8.0572	pH
Hawaii	2016.79235	pH	8.0551	pH
Hawaii	2016.907104	pH	8.0676	pH
Hawaii	2017.065753	pH	8.0702	pH
Hawaii	2017.147945	pH	8.0742	pH
Hawaii	2017.241096	pH	8.0775	pH
Hawaii	2017.317808	pH	8.0652	pH
Hawaii	2017.394521	pH	8.0634	pH
Hawaii	2017.471233	pH	8.0511	pH
Hawaii	2017.605479	pH	8.0494	pH
Hawaii	2017.767123	pH	8.0517	pH
Hawaii	2017.857534	pH	8.0622	pH
Hawaii	2017.950685	pH	8.0811	pH
Hawaii	2018.156164	pH	8.0803	pH
Hawaii	2018.29589	pH	8.0816	pH
Hawaii	2018.372603	pH	8.0758	pH
Hawaii	2018.487671	pH	8.0541	pH
Hawaii	2018.564384	pH	8.0548	pH
Hawaii	2018.69589	pH	8.0403	pH
Hawaii	2018.783562	pH	8.0576	pH
Hawaii	2018.879452	pH	8.0608	pH
Hawaii	2019.043836	pH	8.0704	pH
Hawaii	2019.139726	pH	8.0754	pH
Hawaii	2019.336986	pH	8.0592	pH
Hawaii	2019.446575	pH	8.0438	pH
Hawaii	2019.50137	pH	8.043	pH
Hawaii	2019.589041	pH	8.0391	pH
Hawaii	2019.679452	pH	8.0272	pH
Hawaii	2019.79726	pH	8.0494	pH
Hawaii	2019.967123	pH	8.058	pH
Hawaii	2020.021858	pH	8.0672	pH
Hawaii	2020.084699	pH	8.0612	pH
Hawaii	2020.540984	pH	8.0402	pH
Hawaii	2020.603825	pH	8.0414	pH
Hawaii	2020.669399	pH	8.0494	pH
Hawaii	2020.740437	pH	8.0426	pH
Hawaii	2020.885246	pH	8.0591	pH
Hawaii	2020.967213	pH	8.0616	pH
Hawaii	2021.035616	pH	8.0706	pH
Hawaii	2021.131507	pH	8.0618	pH
Hawaii	2021.227397	pH	8.0714	pH
Hawaii	2021.284932	pH	8.0728	pH
Hawaii	2021.375342	pH	8.0557	pH
Hawaii	2021.476712	pH	8.0423	pH
Hawaii	2021.542466	pH	8.0366	pH
Hawaii	2021.827397	pH	8.0473	pH
Hawaii	2021.928767	pH	8.0474	pH
Hawaii	2022.238356	pH	8.0522	pH
Hawaii	2022.40274	pH	8.0376	pH
Hawaii	2022.523288	pH	8.0491	pH
Hawaii	2022.580822	pH	8.0368	pH
Hawaii	2022.668493	pH	8.0341	pH
Hawaii	1988.833333	pCO2	330.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1988.920765	pCO2	330.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1989.021918	pCO2	324.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1989.156164	pCO2	310.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1989.235616	pCO2	317.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1989.378082	pCO2	326.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1989.479452	pCO2	334.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1989.575342	pCO2	340.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1989.646575	pCO2	343.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1989.726027	pCO2	337.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1989.79726	pCO2	350.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1989.906849	pCO2	329.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1990.013699	pCO2	310.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1990.126027	pCO2	317.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1990.213699	pCO2	310.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1990.282192	pCO2	320.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1990.353425	pCO2	324.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1990.449315	pCO2	318.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1990.564384	pCO2	329.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1990.70411	pCO2	353.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1990.964384	pCO2	322.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1991.093151	pCO2	317.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1991.180822	pCO2	318	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1991.273973	pCO2	319.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1991.350685	pCO2	326.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1991.427397	pCO2	327.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1991.523288	pCO2	327.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1991.608219	pCO2	339.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1991.715068	pCO2	344.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1991.805479	pCO2	338.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1991.934247	pCO2	334.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1992.013661	pCO2	324.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1992.125683	pCO2	317.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1992.180328	pCO2	321.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1992.295082	pCO2	331.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1992.439891	pCO2	325.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1992.510929	pCO2	343	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1992.595628	pCO2	342.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1992.729508	pCO2	346.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1992.803279	pCO2	351.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1992.898907	pCO2	332.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1992.959016	pCO2	324	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1993.054795	pCO2	309.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1993.131507	pCO2	310.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1993.287671	pCO2	333.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1993.386301	pCO2	331	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1993.706849	pCO2	360.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1993.830137	pCO2	345.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1994.054795	pCO2	298.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1994.131507	pCO2	309.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1994.186301	pCO2	323.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1994.465753	pCO2	336.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1994.564384	pCO2	351.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1994.663014	pCO2	348.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1994.728767	pCO2	349.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1994.789041	pCO2	349.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1994.884932	pCO2	335.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1995.10137	pCO2	326.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1995.172603	pCO2	323.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1995.263014	pCO2	333.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1995.347945	pCO2	325.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1995.578082	pCO2	344.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1995.660274	pCO2	345.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1995.736986	pCO2	349	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1995.821918	pCO2	339.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1995.879452	pCO2	326.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1996.046448	pCO2	331.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1996.237705	pCO2	328.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1996.314208	pCO2	332.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1996.39071	pCO2	344.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1996.486339	pCO2	344.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1996.571038	pCO2	346.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1996.639344	pCO2	352.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1996.754098	pCO2	352.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1996.830601	pCO2	345.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1996.945355	pCO2	337.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1997.021918	pCO2	330.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1997.134247	pCO2	353	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1997.194521	pCO2	328	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1997.271233	pCO2	326.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1997.347945	pCO2	338.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1997.424658	pCO2	333.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1997.520548	pCO2	350	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1997.586301	pCO2	351	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1997.734247	pCO2	359.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1997.928767	pCO2	333.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.030137	pCO2	332.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.136986	pCO2	330.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.210959	pCO2	337.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.287671	pCO2	335.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.364384	pCO2	338.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.460274	pCO2	348.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.536986	pCO2	361.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.608219	pCO2	358.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.742466	pCO2	365.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.8	pCO2	359	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.863014	pCO2	359.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1998.939726	pCO2	347.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1999.035616	pCO2	352.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1999.134247	pCO2	344.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1999.208219	pCO2	311.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1999.284932	pCO2	323.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1999.356164	pCO2	345	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1999.534247	pCO2	345.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1999.616438	pCO2	365.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1999.789041	pCO2	368.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1999.857534	pCO2	359.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	1999.956164	pCO2	359.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2000.092896	pCO2	346.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2000.166667	pCO2	347.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2000.243169	pCO2	348.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2000.319672	pCO2	346.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2000.398907	pCO2	371.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2000.472678	pCO2	358.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2000.568306	pCO2	354.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2000.644809	pCO2	359.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2000.797814	pCO2	373.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2000.915301	pCO2	346	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2000.969945	pCO2	347.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.046575	pCO2	348.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.123288	pCO2	353.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.219178	pCO2	350.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.29589	pCO2	347.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.372603	pCO2	347.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.452055	pCO2	344.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.526027	pCO2	353.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.60274	pCO2	364.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.753425	pCO2	372.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.810959	pCO2	353.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.879452	pCO2	358.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2001.953425	pCO2	349.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2002.043836	pCO2	347	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2002.142466	pCO2	335.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2002.19726	pCO2	336.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2002.386301	pCO2	358.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2002.493151	pCO2	367.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2002.657534	pCO2	367.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2002.767123	pCO2	352.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2002.843836	pCO2	351.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2002.90137	pCO2	352.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2002.967123	pCO2	347.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2003.046575	pCO2	340.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2003.156164	pCO2	339.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2003.241096	pCO2	341.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2003.312329	pCO2	343.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2003.386301	pCO2	349.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2003.468493	pCO2	357.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2003.550685	pCO2	363.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2003.638356	pCO2	355.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2003.789041	pCO2	351.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2003.860274	pCO2	351.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2003.969863	pCO2	330.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.060109	pCO2	344.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.153005	pCO2	332.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.218579	pCO2	321.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.306011	pCO2	341.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.382514	pCO2	349.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.459016	pCO2	352.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.532787	pCO2	365.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.625683	pCO2	366.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.745902	pCO2	366	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.833333	pCO2	356.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.909836	pCO2	347.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2004.972678	pCO2	341.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2005.090411	pCO2	343.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2005.175342	pCO2	334.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2005.378082	pCO2	350.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2005.454795	pCO2	361	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2005.542466	pCO2	373.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2005.619178	pCO2	365	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2005.693151	pCO2	380	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2005.772603	pCO2	362.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2005.865753	pCO2	356.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2005.950685	pCO2	352.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.068493	pCO2	330.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.126027	pCO2	347.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.189041	pCO2	335.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.252055	pCO2	334.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.40274	pCO2	352.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.452055	pCO2	373.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.531507	pCO2	359.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.605479	pCO2	365.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.709589	pCO2	363.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.805479	pCO2	372.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.857534	pCO2	362.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2006.942466	pCO2	350.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2007.10411	pCO2	338	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2007.219178	pCO2	345.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2007.342466	pCO2	358.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2007.517808	pCO2	377.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2007.591781	pCO2	373.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2007.673973	pCO2	378.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2007.756164	pCO2	376.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2007.920548	pCO2	372.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2007.972603	pCO2	355.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2008.081967	pCO2	347.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2008.150273	pCO2	347.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2008.407104	pCO2	371.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2008.486339	pCO2	367	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2008.571038	pCO2	376.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2008.628415	pCO2	366.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2008.778689	pCO2	361	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2008.918033	pCO2	360.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2009.057534	pCO2	344.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2009.134247	pCO2	337	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2009.326027	pCO2	354.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2009.405479	pCO2	374.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2009.506849	pCO2	375.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2009.564384	pCO2	384.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2009.632877	pCO2	381.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2009.734247	pCO2	390.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2009.843836	pCO2	375.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2009.942466	pCO2	363.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2010.189041	pCO2	347.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2010.265753	pCO2	347.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2010.380822	pCO2	359.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2010.438356	pCO2	375.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2010.520548	pCO2	373.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2010.60274	pCO2	364.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2010.676712	pCO2	373.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2010.758904	pCO2	377	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2010.890411	pCO2	370.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2011.079452	pCO2	355.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2011.164384	pCO2	351.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2011.279452	pCO2	353.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2011.356164	pCO2	362.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2011.550685	pCO2	370.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2011.663014	pCO2	369.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2011.739726	pCO2	377	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2011.846575	pCO2	373.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2011.912329	pCO2	361.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2011.969863	pCO2	362	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2012.051913	pCO2	356.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2012.23224	pCO2	353.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2012.336066	pCO2	364.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2012.415301	pCO2	370.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2012.489071	pCO2	377.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2012.584699	pCO2	387.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2012.631148	pCO2	392.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2012.70765	pCO2	394.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2012.770492	pCO2	384.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2012.92623	pCO2	374.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2013.120548	pCO2	362.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2013.180822	pCO2	361.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2013.263014	pCO2	363.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2013.378082	pCO2	384.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2013.484932	pCO2	385.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2013.69863	pCO2	394.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2013.753425	pCO2	379.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2013.824658	pCO2	386.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2013.906849	pCO2	370.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2013.972603	pCO2	361.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2014.043836	pCO2	363.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2014.126027	pCO2	356.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2014.178082	pCO2	362.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2014.276712	pCO2	358.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2014.416438	pCO2	368.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2014.49863	pCO2	383.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2014.706849	pCO2	398.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2014.786301	pCO2	388.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2014.893151	pCO2	371.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2014.961644	pCO2	369.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2015.153425	pCO2	365.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2015.241096	pCO2	366.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2015.306849	pCO2	360.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2015.394521	pCO2	367.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2015.468493	pCO2	383.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2015.550685	pCO2	400.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2015.616438	pCO2	389.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2015.786301	pCO2	378.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2015.871233	pCO2	374.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2015.939726	pCO2	369	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2016.035519	pCO2	358.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2016.112022	pCO2	360	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2016.188525	pCO2	359	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2016.289617	pCO2	362.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2016.409836	pCO2	376.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2016.530055	pCO2	382.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2016.60929	pCO2	383	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2016.79235	pCO2	385.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2016.907104	pCO2	374	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2017.065753	pCO2	371.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2017.147945	pCO2	366.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2017.241096	pCO2	363.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2017.317808	pCO2	375.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2017.394521	pCO2	376.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2017.471233	pCO2	387.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2017.605479	pCO2	390.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2017.767123	pCO2	389.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2017.857534	pCO2	378.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2017.950685	pCO2	361.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2018.156164	pCO2	361.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2018.29589	pCO2	361.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2018.372603	pCO2	365.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2018.487671	pCO2	385.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2018.564384	pCO2	386.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2018.69589	pCO2	397.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2018.783562	pCO2	382.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2018.879452	pCO2	381.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2019.043836	pCO2	369.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2019.139726	pCO2	365.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2019.336986	pCO2	381.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2019.446575	pCO2	396.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2019.50137	pCO2	395	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2019.589041	pCO2	399.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2019.679452	pCO2	412.1	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2019.79726	pCO2	390.4	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2019.967123	pCO2	381	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2020.021858	pCO2	371.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2020.084699	pCO2	378.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2020.540984	pCO2	397.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2020.603825	pCO2	396.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2020.669399	pCO2	388.9	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2020.740437	pCO2	395.7	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2020.885246	pCO2	379.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2020.967213	pCO2	378	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2021.035616	pCO2	370.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2021.131507	pCO2	377.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2021.227397	pCO2	369.8	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2021.284932	pCO2	368	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2021.375342	pCO2	384.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2021.476712	pCO2	398.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2021.542466	pCO2	404.6	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2021.827397	pCO2	396	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2021.928767	pCO2	396	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2022.238356	pCO2	390.5	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2022.40274	pCO2	404.3	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2022.523288	pCO2	396.2	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2022.580822	pCO2	409	micro-atmospheres
Hawaii	2022.668493	pCO2	408.8	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1995.7507	pH	8.0765	pH
Canary Islands	1995.7562	pH	8.0743	pH
Canary Islands	1995.7644	pH	8.0713	pH
Canary Islands	1995.9014	pH	8.0837	pH
Canary Islands	1996.0656	pH	8.1117	pH
Canary Islands	1996.0956	pH	8.1117	pH
Canary Islands	1996.1038	pH	8.1149	pH
Canary Islands	1996.2049	pH	8.1254	pH
Canary Islands	1996.3142	pH	8.1082	pH
Canary Islands	1996.3716	pH	8.1013	pH
Canary Islands	1996.377	pH	8.1019	pH
Canary Islands	1996.3907	pH	8.1037	pH
Canary Islands	1996.4481	pH	8.0979	pH
Canary Islands	1996.5219	pH	8.0977	pH
Canary Islands	1996.7404	pH	8.0794	pH
Canary Islands	1996.8306	pH	8.0776	pH
Canary Islands	1996.9617	pH	8.108	pH
Canary Islands	1997.0301	pH	8.1157	pH
Canary Islands	1997.2027	pH	8.1001	pH
Canary Islands	1997.2849	pH	8.103	pH
Canary Islands	1997.3671	pH	8.0985	pH
Canary Islands	1997.4438	pH	8.0756	pH
Canary Islands	1997.4493	pH	8.0779	pH
Canary Islands	1997.5068	pH	8.0729	pH
Canary Islands	1997.8466	pH	8.0744	pH
Canary Islands	1997.9233	pH	8.0837	pH
Canary Islands	1998.0575	pH	8.1005	pH
Canary Islands	1998.1342	pH	8.1121	pH
Canary Islands	1998.2301	pH	8.1007	pH
Canary Islands	1998.2658	pH	8.1016	pH
Canary Islands	1998.3151	pH	8.1077	pH
Canary Islands	1998.3836	pH	8.0967	pH
Canary Islands	1998.4822	pH	8.087	pH
Canary Islands	1998.5014	pH	8.084	pH
Canary Islands	1998.7425	pH	8.0669	pH
Canary Islands	1998.7671	pH	8.0646	pH
Canary Islands	1998.8822	pH	8.09	pH
Canary Islands	1998.9589	pH	8.1088	pH
Canary Islands	1999.0904	pH	8.1224	pH
Canary Islands	1999.0986	pH	8.1329	pH
Canary Islands	1999.1315	pH	8.1331	pH
Canary Islands	1999.2164	pH	8.1223	pH
Canary Islands	1999.811	pH	8.0678	pH
Canary Islands	1999.8411	pH	8.0772	pH
Canary Islands	2000.0656	pH	8.1269	pH
Canary Islands	2000.0847	pH	8.1196	pH
Canary Islands	2000.1967	pH	8.1123	pH
Canary Islands	2000.2568	pH	8.1053	pH
Canary Islands	2000.5383	pH	8.0815	pH
Canary Islands	2000.653	pH	8.0748	pH
Canary Islands	2000.7131	pH	8.0721	pH
Canary Islands	2000.8852	pH	8.0968	pH
Canary Islands	2000.9126	pH	8.0898	pH
Canary Islands	2001.0685	pH	8.0981	pH
Canary Islands	2001.137	pH	8.0973	pH
Canary Islands	2001.1425	pH	8.1003	pH
Canary Islands	2001.2247	pH	8.1006	pH
Canary Islands	2001.2384	pH	8.1045	pH
Canary Islands	2001.3096	pH	8.1033	pH
Canary Islands	2001.3753	pH	8.1017	pH
Canary Islands	2001.4904	pH	8.0807	pH
Canary Islands	2001.6658	pH	8.057	pH
Canary Islands	2001.7397	pH	8.0535	pH
Canary Islands	2001.7753	pH	8.0597	pH
Canary Islands	2002.1589	pH	8.1076	pH
Canary Islands	2002.1753	pH	8.1098	pH
Canary Islands	2002.2877	pH	8.1103	pH
Canary Islands	2002.3726	pH	8.1145	pH
Canary Islands	2002.4959	pH	8.0875	pH
Canary Islands	2002.7041	pH	8.0687	pH
Canary Islands	2002.7945	pH	8.0619	pH
Canary Islands	2002.8986	pH	8.0721	pH
Canary Islands	2003.0849	pH	8.0925	pH
Canary Islands	2003.1397	pH	8.0987	pH
Canary Islands	2003.1479	pH	8.105	pH
Canary Islands	2003.211	pH	8.1072	pH
Canary Islands	2003.2658	pH	8.1045	pH
Canary Islands	2003.3699	pH	8.1081	pH
Canary Islands	2003.4521	pH	8.0834	pH
Canary Islands	2003.5425	pH	8.0697	pH
Canary Islands	2003.6986	pH	8.0558	pH
Canary Islands	2003.8301	pH	8.053	pH
Canary Islands	2003.8438	pH	8.0539	pH
Canary Islands	2004.0656	pH	8.0921	pH
Canary Islands	2004.0822	pH	8.0823	pH
Canary Islands	2004.1491	pH	8.0973	pH
Canary Islands	2004.3048	pH	8.0866	pH
Canary Islands	2004.3185	pH	8.0957	pH
Canary Islands	2004.8443	pH	8.0511	pH
Canary Islands	2004.9523	pH	8.085	pH
Canary Islands	2005.0301	pH	8.107	pH
Canary Islands	2005.1244	pH	8.1014	pH
Canary Islands	2005.1941	pH	8.0816	pH
Canary Islands	2005.2856	pH	8.0975	pH
Canary Islands	2005.5342	pH	8.0728	pH
Canary Islands	2005.574	pH	8.0673	pH
Canary Islands	2005.6546	pH	8.0529	pH
Canary Islands	2005.6712	pH	8.056	pH
Canary Islands	2005.7434	pH	8.0516	pH
Canary Islands	2005.8267	pH	8.0564	pH
Canary Islands	2005.8936	pH	8.0745	pH
Canary Islands	2005.9331	pH	8.0856	pH
Canary Islands	2005.9973	pH	8.0937	pH
Canary Islands	2006.0329	pH	8.1012	pH
Canary Islands	2006.1776	pH	8.1087	pH
Canary Islands	2006.263	pH	8.109	pH
Canary Islands	2006.324	pH	8.0887	pH
Canary Islands	2006.3945	pH	8.0722	pH
Canary Islands	2006.4329	pH	8.0707	pH
Canary Islands	2006.4358	pH	8.0762	pH
Canary Islands	2006.5342	pH	8.0676	pH
Canary Islands	2006.608	pH	8.0528	pH
Canary Islands	2006.6658	pH	8.0461	pH
Canary Islands	2006.7014	pH	8.0531	pH
Canary Islands	2006.7582	pH	8.0468	pH
Canary Islands	2006.8635	pH	8.0614	pH
Canary Islands	2006.9753	pH	8.0861	pH
Canary Islands	2007.0164	pH	8.0885	pH
Canary Islands	2007.1452	pH	8.1001	pH
Canary Islands	2007.2215	pH	8.0948	pH
Canary Islands	2007.2692	pH	8.0922	pH
Canary Islands	2007.3753	pH	8.0798	pH
Canary Islands	2007.4137	pH	8.0739	pH
Canary Islands	2007.5096	pH	8.0781	pH
Canary Islands	2007.6438	pH	8.0606	pH
Canary Islands	2007.7719	pH	8.0505	pH
Canary Islands	2007.7836	pH	8.0558	pH
Canary Islands	2007.8164	pH	8.0574	pH
Canary Islands	2007.8295	pH	8.0576	pH
Canary Islands	2008.1721	pH	8.0999	pH
Canary Islands	2008.1831	pH	8.1055	pH
Canary Islands	2008.2884	pH	8.0899	pH
Canary Islands	2008.3158	pH	8.0884	pH
Canary Islands	2008.6436	pH	8.0669	pH
Canary Islands	2008.9249	pH	8.0784	pH
Canary Islands	2008.9331	pH	8.081	pH
Canary Islands	2009.0712	pH	8.0894	pH
Canary Islands	2009.1436	pH	8.0975	pH
Canary Islands	2009.2324	pH	8.0897	pH
Canary Islands	2009.2692	pH	8.1017	pH
Canary Islands	2009.3854	pH	8.089	pH
Canary Islands	2009.824	pH	8.0451	pH
Canary Islands	2009.8607	pH	8.045	pH
Canary Islands	1995.7507	pCO2	377.6526	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1995.7562	pCO2	380.0385	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1995.7644	pCO2	383.1138	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1995.9014	pCO2	370.4347	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.0656	pCO2	343.0605	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.0956	pCO2	343.7156	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.1038	pCO2	340.432	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.2049	pCO2	330.2408	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.3142	pCO2	347.1527	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.3716	pCO2	354.1248	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.377	pCO2	353.4874	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.3907	pCO2	351.5631	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.4481	pCO2	357.3695	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.5219	pCO2	357.1688	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.7404	pCO2	374.8339	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.8306	pCO2	376.8813	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1996.9617	pCO2	347.2502	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1997.0301	pCO2	340.1547	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1997.2027	pCO2	354.4622	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1997.2849	pCO2	352.5722	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1997.3671	pCO2	357.0641	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1997.4438	pCO2	379.8772	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1997.4493	pCO2	377.6578	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1997.5068	pCO2	381.6492	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1997.8466	pCO2	379.0713	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1997.9233	pCO2	370.942	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.0575	pCO2	355.0427	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.1342	pCO2	343.87	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.2301	pCO2	354.4199	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.2658	pCO2	353.6248	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.3151	pCO2	348.0005	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.3836	pCO2	358.619	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.4822	pCO2	367.2647	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.5014	pCO2	370.4682	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.7425	pCO2	387.4393	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.7671	pCO2	389.6913	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.8822	pCO2	363.6441	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1998.9589	pCO2	346.1028	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1999.0904	pCO2	333.7297	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1999.0986	pCO2	324.0626	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1999.1315	pCO2	323.7588	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1999.2164	pCO2	333.2992	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1999.811	pCO2	386.4509	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	1999.8411	pCO2	375.6484	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2000.0656	pCO2	328.6619	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2000.0847	pCO2	336.2406	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2000.1967	pCO2	343.7966	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2000.2568	pCO2	350.2729	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2000.5383	pCO2	372.961	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2000.653	pCO2	379.5525	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2000.7131	pCO2	382.4901	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2000.8852	pCO2	358.3191	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2000.9126	pCO2	365.4017	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2001.0685	pCO2	356.8848	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2001.137	pCO2	357.6541	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2001.1425	pCO2	354.6521	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2001.2247	pCO2	354.5687	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2001.2384	pCO2	350.5347	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2001.3096	pCO2	351.7244	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2001.3753	pCO2	352.8775	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2001.4904	pCO2	372.9672	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2001.6658	pCO2	397.9218	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2001.7397	pCO2	402.2744	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2001.7753	pCO2	394.1292	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2002.1589	pCO2	347.3098	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2002.1753	pCO2	346.034	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2002.2877	pCO2	345.4762	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2002.3726	pCO2	340.7661	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2002.4959	pCO2	366.8528	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2002.7041	pCO2	384.7756	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2002.7945	pCO2	393.9321	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2002.8986	pCO2	382.7021	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2003.0849	pCO2	362.2842	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2003.1397	pCO2	356.2971	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2003.1479	pCO2	350.0205	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2003.211	pCO2	347.6251	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2003.2658	pCO2	350.6318	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2003.3699	pCO2	346.8474	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2003.4521	pCO2	371.6667	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2003.5425	pCO2	385.6165	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2003.6986	pCO2	399.0883	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2003.8301	pCO2	402.5334	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2003.8438	pCO2	400.7921	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2004.0656	pCO2	362.8408	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2004.0822	pCO2	373.4633	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2004.1491	pCO2	358.5007	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2004.3048	pCO2	369.3062	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2004.3185	pCO2	360.0884	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2004.8443	pCO2	406.0189	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2004.9523	pCO2	370.6192	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.0301	pCO2	348.7244	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.1244	pCO2	353.6434	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.1941	pCO2	373.4802	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.2856	pCO2	357.1741274	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.5342	pCO2	382.1555	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.574	pCO2	387.0980002	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.6546	pCO2	403.2501788	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.6712	pCO2	398.1445	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.7434	pCO2	404.9946	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.8267	pCO2	399.9962684	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.8936	pCO2	380.2393183	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.9331	pCO2	369.7826484	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2005.9973	pCO2	360.1749	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.0329	pCO2	354.1613	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.1776	pCO2	347.1851607	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.263	pCO2	347.2435	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.324	pCO2	366.5458798	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.3945	pCO2	382.8236	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.4329	pCO2	383.6783	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.4358	pCO2	378.7970578	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.5342	pCO2	387.0225	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.608	pCO2	404.1360693	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.6658	pCO2	410.2121	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.7014	pCO2	400.8464	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.7582	pCO2	410.5319715	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.8635	pCO2	394.3559378	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2006.9753	pCO2	368.1979	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.0164	pCO2	365.8547	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.1452	pCO2	354.697	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.2215	pCO2	361.0718335	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.2692	pCO2	362.5021	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.3753	pCO2	374.8182	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.4137	pCO2	381.0968	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.5096	pCO2	377.1886	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.6438	pCO2	394.6435	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.7719	pCO2	405.480935	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.7836	pCO2	399.094	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.8164	pCO2	397.2262	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2007.8295	pCO2	398.6015887	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2008.1721	pCO2	356.0044193	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2008.1831	pCO2	350.0102	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2008.2884	pCO2	366.6794075	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2008.3158	pCO2	367.3838	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2008.6436	pCO2	388.0299742	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2008.9249	pCO2	377.8633	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2008.9331	pCO2	374.9906	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2009.0712	pCO2	366.7552	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2009.1436	pCO2	358.0527915	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2009.2324	pCO2	366.1135131	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2009.2692	pCO2	353.4303011	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2009.3854	pCO2	367.2136969	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2009.824	pCO2	412.6208109	micro-atmospheres
Canary Islands	2009.8607	pCO2	412.5473	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1983.6959	pH	8.07	pH
Bermuda	1983.7726	pH	8.088	pH
Bermuda	1984.0712	pH	8.146	pH
Bermuda	1984.1836	pH	8.145	pH
Bermuda	1984.326	pH	8.144	pH
Bermuda	1984.4877	pH	8.112	pH
Bermuda	1984.5589	pH	8.031	pH
Bermuda	1984.6219	pH	8.038	pH
Bermuda	1984.6932	pH	8.086	pH
Bermuda	1984.7534	pH	8.091	pH
Bermuda	1984.8767	pH	8.131	pH
Bermuda	1984.9607	pH	8.148	pH
Bermuda	1985.0976	pH	8.149	pH
Bermuda	1985.1168	pH	8.149	pH
Bermuda	1985.2017	pH	8.14	pH
Bermuda	1985.2758	pH	8.144	pH
Bermuda	1985.3306	pH	8.138	pH
Bermuda	1985.4814	pH	8.061	pH
Bermuda	1985.5551	pH	8.059	pH
Bermuda	1985.6483	pH	8.056	pH
Bermuda	1985.7853	pH	8.102	pH
Bermuda	1985.8509	pH	8.102	pH
Bermuda	1985.9279	pH	8.132	pH
Bermuda	1986.0921	pH	8.146	pH
Bermuda	1986.2595	pH	8.154	pH
Bermuda	1986.3222	pH	8.15	pH
Bermuda	1986.4071	pH	8.135	pH
Bermuda	1986.514	pH	8.073	pH
Bermuda	1986.651	pH	8.06	pH
Bermuda	1986.7276	pH	8.097	pH
Bermuda	1986.8456	pH	8.122	pH
Bermuda	1986.8895	pH	8.122	pH
Bermuda	1987.0595	pH	8.145	pH
Bermuda	1987.1797	pH	8.147	pH
Bermuda	1987.2372	pH	8.149	pH
Bermuda	1987.3058	pH	8.142	pH
Bermuda	1987.399	pH	8.116	pH
Bermuda	1987.484	pH	8.084	pH
Bermuda	1987.5443	pH	8.056	pH
Bermuda	1987.6539	pH	8.085	pH
Bermuda	1987.7991	pH	8.09	pH
Bermuda	1987.8621	pH	8.108	pH
Bermuda	1987.9224	pH	8.137	pH
Bermuda	1988.067	pH	8.148	pH
Bermuda	1988.185	pH	8.146	pH
Bermuda	1988.36	pH	8.11	pH
Bermuda	1988.4478	pH	8.102	pH
Bermuda	1988.5518	pH	8.059	pH
Bermuda	1988.6449	pH	8.062	pH
Bermuda	1988.7195	pH	8.08	pH
Bermuda	1988.8069	pH	8.126	pH
Bermuda	1988.8181	pH	8.096	pH
Bermuda	1988.8992	pH	8.143	pH
Bermuda	1988.9692	pH	8.141	pH
Bermuda	1989.0783	pH	8.181	pH
Bermuda	1989.1412	pH	8.177	pH
Bermuda	1989.2315	pH	8.154	pH
Bermuda	1989.295	pH	8.133	pH
Bermuda	1989.3737	pH	8.112	pH
Bermuda	1989.4754	pH	8.069	pH
Bermuda	1989.55	pH	8.068	pH
Bermuda	1989.6255	pH	8.101	pH
Bermuda	1989.8041	pH	8.113	pH
Bermuda	1989.909	pH	8.111	pH
Bermuda	1989.9697	pH	8.123	pH
Bermuda	1990.0456	pH	8.134	pH
Bermuda	1990.1299	pH	8.137	pH
Bermuda	1990.201	pH	8.135	pH
Bermuda	1990.297	pH	8.123	pH
Bermuda	1990.3547	pH	8.134	pH
Bermuda	1990.4758	pH	8.093	pH
Bermuda	1990.5434	pH	8.05	pH
Bermuda	1990.6181	pH	8.064	pH
Bermuda	1990.6948	pH	8.056	pH
Bermuda	1990.7876	pH	8.101	pH
Bermuda	1990.8455	pH	8.116	pH
Bermuda	1990.925	pH	8.136	pH
Bermuda	1991.045	pH	8.14	pH
Bermuda	1991.117	pH	8.133	pH
Bermuda	1991.1972	pH	8.141	pH
Bermuda	1991.292	pH	8.13	pH
Bermuda	1991.3664	pH	8.129	pH
Bermuda	1991.4678	pH	8.082	pH
Bermuda	1991.5388	pH	8.059	pH
Bermuda	1991.6155	pH	8.04	pH
Bermuda	1991.6998	pH	8.093	pH
Bermuda	1991.769	pH	8.087	pH
Bermuda	1991.865	pH	8.122	pH
Bermuda	1991.9415	pH	8.14	pH
Bermuda	1992.0257	pH	8.14	pH
Bermuda	1992.1214	pH	8.113	pH
Bermuda	1992.1925	pH	8.144	pH
Bermuda	1992.3071	pH	8.139	pH
Bermuda	1992.3818	pH	8.099	pH
Bermuda	1992.4628	pH	8.087	pH
Bermuda	1992.5366	pH	8.053	pH
Bermuda	1992.6328	pH	8.045	pH
Bermuda	1992.7087	pH	8.07	pH
Bermuda	1992.7852	pH	8.098	pH
Bermuda	1992.8642	pH	8.111	pH
Bermuda	1992.9333	pH	8.132	pH
Bermuda	1993.0325	pH	8.15	pH
Bermuda	1993.1078	pH	8.148	pH
Bermuda	1993.1521	pH	8.139	pH
Bermuda	1993.1879	pH	8.131	pH
Bermuda	1993.2424	pH	8.129	pH
Bermuda	1993.2838	pH	8.132	pH
Bermuda	1993.3191	pH	8.133	pH
Bermuda	1993.3521	pH	8.112	pH
Bermuda	1993.4538	pH	8.084	pH
Bermuda	1993.5303	pH	8.04	pH
Bermuda	1993.628	pH	8.052	pH
Bermuda	1993.7028	pH	8.066	pH
Bermuda	1993.7794	pH	8.086	pH
Bermuda	1993.8561	pH	8.093	pH
Bermuda	1993.9329	pH	8.115	pH
Bermuda	1994.0316	pH	8.144	pH
Bermuda	1994.1329	pH	8.139	pH
Bermuda	1994.2176	pH	8.139	pH
Bermuda	1994.2617	pH	8.131	pH
Bermuda	1994.2973	pH	8.136	pH
Bermuda	1994.3739	pH	8.105	pH
Bermuda	1994.4508	pH	8.066	pH
Bermuda	1994.5466	pH	8.027	pH
Bermuda	1994.6233	pH	8.03	pH
Bermuda	1994.7193	pH	8.07	pH
Bermuda	1994.7986	pH	8.109	pH
Bermuda	1994.8726	pH	8.119	pH
Bermuda	1994.9385	pH	8.122	pH
Bermuda	1995.0288	pH	8.132	pH
Bermuda	1995.0316	pH	8.121	pH
Bermuda	1995.1219	pH	8.131	pH
Bermuda	1995.2042	pH	8.137	pH
Bermuda	1995.2753	pH	8.134	pH
Bermuda	1995.3193	pH	8.119	pH
Bermuda	1995.3576	pH	8.141	pH
Bermuda	1995.448	pH	8.065	pH
Bermuda	1995.5248	pH	8.055	pH
Bermuda	1995.64	pH	8.067	pH
Bermuda	1995.7	pH	8.063	pH
Bermuda	1995.7822	pH	8.07	pH
Bermuda	1995.8614	pH	8.106	pH
Bermuda	1995.9546	pH	8.123	pH
Bermuda	1996.0809	pH	8.133	pH
Bermuda	1996.1248	pH	8.124	pH
Bermuda	1996.1604	pH	8.124	pH
Bermuda	1996.2016	pH	8.13	pH
Bermuda	1996.2371	pH	8.127	pH
Bermuda	1996.27	pH	8.126	pH
Bermuda	1996.3083	pH	8.121	pH
Bermuda	1996.3466	pH	8.106	pH
Bermuda	1996.4425	pH	8.069	pH
Bermuda	1996.5193	pH	8.055	pH
Bermuda	1996.5959	pH	8.058	pH
Bermuda	1996.6728	pH	8.048	pH
Bermuda	1996.7713	pH	8.076	pH
Bermuda	1996.848	pH	8.102	pH
Bermuda	1996.9467	pH	8.118	pH
Bermuda	1997.0371	pH	8.139	pH
Bermuda	1997.0754	pH	8.129	pH
Bermuda	1997.1029	pH	8.132	pH
Bermuda	1997.1411	pH	8.123	pH
Bermuda	1997.1741	pH	8.122	pH
Bermuda	1997.2123	pH	8.133	pH
Bermuda	1997.2699	pH	8.122	pH
Bermuda	1997.3439	pH	8.122	pH
Bermuda	1997.4425	pH	8.087	pH
Bermuda	1997.5384	pH	8.047	pH
Bermuda	1997.6125	pH	8.041	pH
Bermuda	1997.6974	pH	8.072	pH
Bermuda	1997.7662	pH	8.07	pH
Bermuda	1997.8649	pH	8.105	pH
Bermuda	1997.9389	pH	8.109	pH
Bermuda	1998.0346	pH	8.121	pH
Bermuda	1998.117	pH	8.13	pH
Bermuda	1998.1609	pH	8.123	pH
Bermuda	1998.1934	pH	8.127	pH
Bermuda	1998.2292	pH	8.127	pH
Bermuda	1998.2647	pH	8.117	pH
Bermuda	1998.3415	pH	8.116	pH
Bermuda	1998.4181	pH	8.082	pH
Bermuda	1998.514	pH	8.033	pH
Bermuda	1998.6099	pH	8.023	pH
Bermuda	1998.6922	pH	8.04	pH
Bermuda	1998.8072	pH	8.09	pH
Bermuda	1998.879	pH	8.102	pH
Bermuda	1998.9359	pH	8.115	pH
Bermuda	1999.041	pH	8.112	pH
Bermuda	1999.1166	pH	8.13	pH
Bermuda	1999.2116	pH	8.112	pH
Bermuda	1999.2235	pH	8.147	pH
Bermuda	1999.2646	pH	8.115	pH
Bermuda	1999.3386	pH	8.099	pH
Bermuda	1999.4156	pH	8.071	pH
Bermuda	1999.5112	pH	8.046	pH
Bermuda	1999.5879	pH	8.038	pH
Bermuda	1999.7056	pH	8.05	pH
Bermuda	1999.7795	pH	8.076	pH
Bermuda	1999.8593	pH	8.095	pH
Bermuda	1999.9388	pH	8.11	pH
Bermuda	2000.0784	pH	8.118	pH
Bermuda	2000.1249	pH	8.131	pH
Bermuda	2000.199	pH	8.14	pH
Bermuda	2000.2369	pH	8.131	pH
Bermuda	2000.2755	pH	8.138	pH
Bermuda	2000.3549	pH	8.091	pH
Bermuda	2000.4289	pH	8.068	pH
Bermuda	2000.5247	pH	8.062	pH
Bermuda	2000.6016	pH	8.029	pH
Bermuda	2000.7003	pH	8.067	pH
Bermuda	2000.7962	pH	8.085	pH
Bermuda	2000.8702	pH	8.105	pH
Bermuda	2000.9469	pH	8.113	pH
Bermuda	2001.0811	pH	8.134	pH
Bermuda	2001.1387	pH	8.117	pH
Bermuda	2001.1851	pH	8.119	pH
Bermuda	2001.2154	pH	8.107	pH
Bermuda	2001.2567	pH	8.092	pH
Bermuda	2001.2947	pH	8.125	pH
Bermuda	2001.369	pH	8.103	pH
Bermuda	2001.4262	pH	8.07	pH
Bermuda	2001.5439	pH	8.07	pH
Bermuda	2001.5987	pH	8.05	pH
Bermuda	2001.6974	pH	8.062	pH
Bermuda	2001.7906	pH	8.088	pH
Bermuda	2001.8564	pH	8.11	pH
Bermuda	2001.9441	pH	8.116	pH
Bermuda	2002.06	pH	8.121	pH
Bermuda	2002.1583	pH	8.137	pH
Bermuda	2002.2126	pH	8.119	pH
Bermuda	2002.2892	pH	8.134	pH
Bermuda	2002.3659	pH	8.121	pH
Bermuda	2002.4235	pH	8.077	pH
Bermuda	2002.5002	pH	8.037	pH
Bermuda	2002.6344	pH	8.042	pH
Bermuda	2002.7111	pH	8.054	pH
Bermuda	2002.7687	pH	8.082	pH
Bermuda	2002.8674	pH	8.091	pH
Bermuda	2002.9414	pH	8.12	pH
Bermuda	2003.1414	pH	8.129	pH
Bermuda	2003.1715	pH	8.134	pH
Bermuda	2003.2181	pH	8.132	pH
Bermuda	2003.2537	pH	8.132	pH
Bermuda	2003.3086	pH	8.114	pH
Bermuda	2003.3851	pH	8.07	pH
Bermuda	2003.5085	pH	8.044	pH
Bermuda	2003.5386	pH	8.032	pH
Bermuda	2003.6152	pH	8.029	pH
Bermuda	2003.7194	pH	8.049	pH
Bermuda	2003.7686	pH	8.047	pH
Bermuda	2003.8455	pH	8.088	pH
Bermuda	2003.9222	pH	8.081	pH
Bermuda	2004.0754	pH	8.129	pH
Bermuda	2004.125	pH	8.129	pH
Bermuda	2004.1491	pH	8.121	pH
Bermuda	2004.1885	pH	8.122	pH
Bermuda	2004.2242	pH	8.104	pH
Bermuda	2004.2665	pH	8.114	pH
Bermuda	2004.3076	pH	8.111	pH
Bermuda	2004.3813	pH	8.075	pH
Bermuda	2004.4578	pH	8.079	pH
Bermuda	2004.5371	pH	8.034	pH
Bermuda	2004.6299	pH	8.027	pH
Bermuda	2004.7064	pH	8.04	pH
Bermuda	2004.7857	pH	8.071	pH
Bermuda	2004.865	pH	8.09	pH
Bermuda	2004.9361	pH	8.098	pH
Bermuda	2005.0728	pH	8.1	pH
Bermuda	2005.1057	pH	8.12	pH
Bermuda	2005.1496	pH	8.117	pH
Bermuda	2005.1824	pH	8.123	pH
Bermuda	2005.2181	pH	8.12	pH
Bermuda	2005.2618	pH	8.118	pH
Bermuda	2005.2974	pH	8.124	pH
Bermuda	2005.3741	pH	8.097	pH
Bermuda	2005.4508	pH	8.056	pH
Bermuda	2005.5467	pH	8.021	pH
Bermuda	2005.6045	pH	8.033	pH
Bermuda	2005.681	pH	8.04	pH
Bermuda	2005.7768	pH	8.069	pH
Bermuda	2005.8591	pH	8.078	pH
Bermuda	2005.9379	pH	8.104	pH
Bermuda	2006.0784	pH	8.113	pH
Bermuda	2006.1057	pH	8.125	pH
Bermuda	2006.1441	pH	8.118	pH
Bermuda	2006.2591	pH	8.122	pH
Bermuda	2006.3534	pH	8.021	pH
Bermuda	2006.4865	pH	8.036	pH
Bermuda	2006.5468	pH	8.021	pH
Bermuda	2006.6043	pH	8.039	pH
Bermuda	2006.6811	pH	8.018	pH
Bermuda	2006.7039	pH	8.067	pH
Bermuda	2006.7399	pH	8.04	pH
Bermuda	2006.7796	pH	8.104	pH
Bermuda	2006.8537	pH	8.081	pH
Bermuda	2006.9112	pH	8.087	pH
Bermuda	2006.9277	pH	8.08	pH
Bermuda	2007.0761	pH	8.105	pH
Bermuda	2007.1077	pH	8.082	pH
Bermuda	2007.1441	pH	8.088	pH
Bermuda	2007.1796	pH	8.108	pH
Bermuda	2007.2181	pH	8.113	pH
Bermuda	2007.2534	pH	8.105	pH
Bermuda	2007.2868	pH	8.108	pH
Bermuda	2007.3742	pH	8.091	pH
Bermuda	2007.47	pH	8.057	pH
Bermuda	2007.5468	pH	8.029	pH
Bermuda	2007.6266	pH	8.02	pH
Bermuda	2007.6866	pH	8.057	pH
Bermuda	2007.7633	pH	8.076	pH
Bermuda	2007.8701	pH	8.08	pH
Bermuda	2007.9305	pH	8.089	pH
Bermuda	2008.0453	pH	8.104	pH
Bermuda	2008.1165	pH	8.112	pH
Bermuda	2008.1464	pH	8.106	pH
Bermuda	2008.1986	pH	8.11	pH
Bermuda	2008.2312	pH	8.108	pH
Bermuda	2008.2886	pH	8.09	pH
Bermuda	2008.4113	pH	8.083	pH
Bermuda	2008.4742	pH	8.047	pH
Bermuda	2008.5455	pH	8.04	pH
Bermuda	2008.619	pH	8.023	pH
Bermuda	2008.6982	pH	8.028	pH
Bermuda	2008.772	pH	8.048	pH
Bermuda	2008.8595	pH	8.087	pH
Bermuda	2008.9579	pH	8.097	pH
Bermuda	2009.1085	pH	8.09	pH
Bermuda	2009.1442	pH	8.101	pH
Bermuda	2009.1763	pH	8.108	pH
Bermuda	2009.2125	pH	8.104	pH
Bermuda	2009.2481	pH	8.103	pH
Bermuda	2009.2865	pH	8.091	pH
Bermuda	2009.3714	pH	8.065	pH
Bermuda	2009.4426	pH	8.042	pH
Bermuda	2009.5358	pH	8.039	pH
Bermuda	2009.6207	pH	8.013	pH
Bermuda	2009.6975	pH	8.019	pH
Bermuda	2009.7741	pH	8.05	pH
Bermuda	2009.8541	pH	8.069	pH
Bermuda	2009.9389	pH	8.084	pH
Bermuda	2010.0979	pH	8.107	pH
Bermuda	2010.1507	pH	8.096	pH
Bermuda	2010.189	pH	8.094	pH
Bermuda	2010.2329	pH	8.073	pH
Bermuda	2010.2685	pH	8.112	pH
Bermuda	2010.3068	pH	8.1	pH
Bermuda	2010.3671	pH	8.095	pH
Bermuda	2010.4767	pH	7.998	pH
Bermuda	2010.5618	pH	8.018	pH
Bermuda	2010.6384	pH	8.027	pH
Bermuda	2010.6795	pH	8.046	pH
Bermuda	2010.766	pH	8.069	pH
Bermuda	2010.862	pH	8.086	pH
Bermuda	2010.9389	pH	8.11	pH
Bermuda	2011.1477	pH	8.118	pH
Bermuda	2011.2345	pH	8.13	pH
Bermuda	2011.27	pH	8.106	pH
Bermuda	2011.3194	pH	8.099	pH
Bermuda	2011.377	pH	8.105	pH
Bermuda	2011.5141	pH	8.017	pH
Bermuda	2011.6318	pH	8.042	pH
Bermuda	2011.7005	pH	8.031	pH
Bermuda	2011.8337	pH	8.074	pH
Bermuda	2011.8813	pH	8.094	pH
Bermuda	2011.9357	pH	8.113	pH
Bermuda	2012.08107	pH	8.117	pH
Bermuda	2012.11112	pH	8.113	pH
Bermuda	2012.18762	pH	8.106	pH
Bermuda	2012.24193	pH	8.118	pH
Bermuda	2012.28033	pH	8.105	pH
Bermuda	2012.31866	pH	8.087	pH
Bermuda	2012.38428	pH	8.081	pH
Bermuda	2012.4662	pH	8.061	pH
Bermuda	2012.53178	pH	8.025	pH
Bermuda	2012.6373	pH	8.025	pH
Bermuda	2012.7012	pH	8.044	pH
Bermuda	2012.8005	pH	8.058	pH
Bermuda	2012.874	pH	8.074	pH
Bermuda	2012.9469	pH	8.087	pH
Bermuda	2013.062	pH	8.112	pH
Bermuda	2013.119	pH	8.102	pH
Bermuda	2013.155	pH	8.111	pH
Bermuda	2013.196	pH	8.123	pH
Bermuda	2013.235	pH	8.116	pH
Bermuda	2013.267	pH	8.116	pH
Bermuda	2013.311	pH	8.112	pH
Bermuda	2013.372	pH	8.089	pH
Bermuda	2013.457	pH	8.056	pH
Bermuda	2013.511	pH	8.022	pH
Bermuda	2013.588	pH	8.016	pH
Bermuda	2013.714	pH	8.047	pH
Bermuda	2013.802	pH	8.069	pH
Bermuda	2013.873	pH	8.1	pH
Bermuda	2013.942	pH	8.1	pH
Bermuda	2014.18	pH	8.1	pH
Bermuda	2014.278	pH	8.14	pH
Bermuda	2014.328	pH	8.121	pH
Bermuda	2014.448	pH	8.076	pH
Bermuda	2014.525	pH	8.037	pH
Bermuda	2014.64	pH	8.039	pH
Bermuda	2014.703	pH	8.046	pH
Bermuda	2014.826	pH	8.094	pH
Bermuda	2014.89	pH	8.088	pH
Bermuda	2014.944	pH	8.1	pH
Bermuda	2015.095	pH	8.117	pH
Bermuda	2015.196	pH	8.122	pH
Bermuda	2015.27	pH	8.104	pH
Bermuda	2015.363	pH	8.087	pH
Bermuda	2015.479	pH	8.029	pH
Bermuda	2015.534	pH	8.043	pH
Bermuda	2015.627	pH	8.017	pH
Bermuda	2015.7	pH	8.039	pH
Bermuda	2015.863	pH	8.089	pH
Bermuda	2015.911	pH	8.099	pH
Bermuda	2015.95	pH	8.095	pH
Bermuda	1983.6959	pCO2	363.187	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1983.7726	pCO2	343.941	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1984.0712	pCO2	299.199	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1984.1836	pCO2	301.419	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1984.326	pCO2	302.309	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1984.4877	pCO2	327.279	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1984.5589	pCO2	406.914	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1984.6219	pCO2	397.747	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1984.6932	pCO2	350.505	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1984.7534	pCO2	346.313	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1984.8767	pCO2	311.384	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1984.9607	pCO2	297.873	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1985.0976	pCO2	299.211	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1985.1168	pCO2	299.024	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1985.2017	pCO2	305.941	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1985.2758	pCO2	302.23	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1985.3306	pCO2	307.027	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1985.4814	pCO2	376.281	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1985.5551	pCO2	377.577	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1985.6483	pCO2	379.365	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1985.7853	pCO2	333.83	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1985.8509	pCO2	334.496	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1985.9279	pCO2	310.511	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1986.0921	pCO2	300.437	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1986.2595	pCO2	294.156	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1986.3222	pCO2	297.669	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1986.4071	pCO2	310.109	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1986.514	pCO2	363.177	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1986.651	pCO2	374.178	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1986.7276	pCO2	337.306	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1986.8456	pCO2	318.152	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1986.8895	pCO2	318.098	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1987.0595	pCO2	301.544	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1987.1797	pCO2	300.903	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1987.2372	pCO2	299.481	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1987.3058	pCO2	305.293	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1987.399	pCO2	325.106	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1987.484	pCO2	353.438	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1987.5443	pCO2	379.998	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1987.6539	pCO2	351.335	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1987.7991	pCO2	343.966	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1987.8621	pCO2	329.825	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1987.9224	pCO2	306.591	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1988.067	pCO2	298.881	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1988.185	pCO2	302.053	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1988.36	pCO2	330.327	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1988.4478	pCO2	338.259	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1988.5518	pCO2	377.074	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1988.6449	pCO2	371.738	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1988.7195	pCO2	352.817	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1988.8069	pCO2	313.947	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1988.8181	pCO2	341.125	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1988.8992	pCO2	298.698	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1988.9692	pCO2	303.364	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1989.0783	pCO2	272.018	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1989.1412	pCO2	275.837	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1989.2315	pCO2	293.406	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1989.295	pCO2	310.89	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1989.3737	pCO2	328.879	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1989.4754	pCO2	369.479	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1989.55	pCO2	366.841	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1989.6255	pCO2	336.829	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1989.8041	pCO2	324.45	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1989.909	pCO2	330.513	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1989.9697	pCO2	320.876	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.0456	pCO2	310.976	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.1299	pCO2	309.146	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.201	pCO2	311.892	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.297	pCO2	319.539	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.3547	pCO2	311.483	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.4758	pCO2	345.181	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.5434	pCO2	386.612	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.6181	pCO2	371.723	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.6948	pCO2	378.606	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.7876	pCO2	336.677	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.8455	pCO2	324.431	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1990.925	pCO2	308.284	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.045	pCO2	305.702	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.117	pCO2	312.719	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.1972	pCO2	307.172	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.292	pCO2	315.623	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.3664	pCO2	316.456	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.4678	pCO2	357.115	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.5388	pCO2	377.815	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.6155	pCO2	397.842	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.6998	pCO2	342.844	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.769	pCO2	350.555	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.865	pCO2	318.308	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1991.9415	pCO2	305.597	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.0257	pCO2	306.699	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.1214	pCO2	328.203	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.1925	pCO2	303.035	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.3071	pCO2	308.296	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.3818	pCO2	342.914	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.4628	pCO2	351.755	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.5366	pCO2	383.795	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.6328	pCO2	391.882	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.7087	pCO2	364.511	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.7852	pCO2	338.204	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.8642	pCO2	329.129	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1992.9333	pCO2	311.524	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.0325	pCO2	297.288	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.1078	pCO2	299.643	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.1521	pCO2	307.766	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.1879	pCO2	315.272	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.2424	pCO2	316.676	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.2838	pCO2	313.808	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.3191	pCO2	312.729	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.3521	pCO2	330.655	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.4538	pCO2	355.784	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.5303	pCO2	400.698	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.628	pCO2	385.424	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.7028	pCO2	368.958	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.7794	pCO2	350.267	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.8561	pCO2	345.125	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1993.9329	pCO2	325.349	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.0316	pCO2	301.926	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.1329	pCO2	307.764	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.2176	pCO2	308.092	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.2617	pCO2	314.027	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.2973	pCO2	310.37	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.3739	pCO2	335.854	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.4508	pCO2	371.043	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.5466	pCO2	412.287	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.6233	pCO2	407.573	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.7193	pCO2	364.532	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.7986	pCO2	329.062	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.8726	pCO2	322.844	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1994.9385	pCO2	320.496	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.0288	pCO2	313.074	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.0316	pCO2	323.66	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.1219	pCO2	315.846	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.2042	pCO2	310.366	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.2753	pCO2	313.388	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.3193	pCO2	326.526	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.3576	pCO2	306.127	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.448	pCO2	375.336	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.5248	pCO2	382.873	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.64	pCO2	370.898	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.7	pCO2	374.666	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.7822	pCO2	367.594	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.8614	pCO2	333.361	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1995.9546	pCO2	319.719	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.0809	pCO2	313.88	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.1248	pCO2	320.82	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.1604	pCO2	322.301	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.2016	pCO2	316.32	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.2371	pCO2	318.889	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.27	pCO2	319.283	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.3083	pCO2	324.588	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.3466	pCO2	337.276	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.4425	pCO2	369.25	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.5193	pCO2	380.959	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.5959	pCO2	377.863	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.6728	pCO2	388.399	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.7713	pCO2	361.031	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.848	pCO2	336.893	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1996.9467	pCO2	323.498	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.0371	pCO2	308.444	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.0754	pCO2	317.182	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.1029	pCO2	314.244	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.1411	pCO2	322.378	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.1741	pCO2	323.146	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.2123	pCO2	313.57	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.2699	pCO2	323.446	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.3439	pCO2	323.302	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.4425	pCO2	352.771	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.5384	pCO2	390.926	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.6125	pCO2	399.086	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.6974	pCO2	364.85	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.7662	pCO2	364.266	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.8649	pCO2	334.27	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1997.9389	pCO2	331.866	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.0346	pCO2	322.503	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.117	pCO2	315.981	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.1609	pCO2	322.573	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.1934	pCO2	317.543	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.2292	pCO2	317.621	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.2647	pCO2	327.143	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.3415	pCO2	327.834	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.4181	pCO2	357.49	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.514	pCO2	403.964	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.6099	pCO2	414.363	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.6922	pCO2	394.244	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.8072	pCO2	346.426	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.879	pCO2	337.318	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1998.9359	pCO2	326.478	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.041	pCO2	328.797	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.1166	pCO2	315.599	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.2116	pCO2	330.333	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.2235	pCO2	300.619	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.2646	pCO2	328.643	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.3386	pCO2	342.804	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.4156	pCO2	369.348	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.5112	pCO2	394.18	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.5879	pCO2	401.924	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.7056	pCO2	386.064	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.7795	pCO2	360.925	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.8593	pCO2	343.541	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	1999.9388	pCO2	331.625	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.0784	pCO2	326.75	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.1249	pCO2	314.937	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.199	pCO2	307.334	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.2369	pCO2	315.381	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.2755	pCO2	309.452	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.3549	pCO2	350.4	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.4289	pCO2	371.738	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.5247	pCO2	375.259	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.6016	pCO2	409.254	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.7003	pCO2	366.967	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.7962	pCO2	353.754	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.8702	pCO2	335.171	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2000.9469	pCO2	328.719	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.0811	pCO2	312.308	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.1387	pCO2	326.821	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.1851	pCO2	326.188	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.2154	pCO2	335.792	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.2567	pCO2	349.071	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.2947	pCO2	321.731	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.369	pCO2	340.335	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.4262	pCO2	370.787	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.5439	pCO2	366.934	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.5987	pCO2	387.439	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.6974	pCO2	374.657	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.7906	pCO2	350.235	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.8564	pCO2	330.165	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2001.9441	pCO2	326.493	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.06	pCO2	322.722	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.1583	pCO2	311.05	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.2126	pCO2	325.779	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.2892	pCO2	312.392	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.3659	pCO2	322.704	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.4235	pCO2	361.735	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.5002	pCO2	403.795	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.6344	pCO2	394.032	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.7111	pCO2	379.338	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.7687	pCO2	352.971	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.8674	pCO2	347.419	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2002.9414	pCO2	322.688	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.1414	pCO2	317.086	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.1715	pCO2	312.712	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.2181	pCO2	315.082	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.2537	pCO2	314.763	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.3086	pCO2	329.397	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.3851	pCO2	371.268	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.5085	pCO2	395.345	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.5386	pCO2	407.213	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.6152	pCO2	411.266	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.7194	pCO2	389.192	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.7686	pCO2	389.189	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.8455	pCO2	350.026	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2003.9222	pCO2	357.609	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.0754	pCO2	316.906	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.125	pCO2	317.056	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.1491	pCO2	324.213	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.1885	pCO2	323.788	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.2242	pCO2	339.45	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.2665	pCO2	331.507	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.3076	pCO2	332.785	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.3813	pCO2	366.432	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.4578	pCO2	362.139	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.5371	pCO2	407.558	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.6299	pCO2	413.179	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.7064	pCO2	398.224	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.7857	pCO2	367.62	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.865	pCO2	350.175	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2004.9361	pCO2	343.38	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.0728	pCO2	343.391	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.1057	pCO2	325.815	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.1496	pCO2	329.053	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.1824	pCO2	323.918	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.2181	pCO2	326.433	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.2618	pCO2	327.877	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.2974	pCO2	321.633	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.3741	pCO2	346.989	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.4508	pCO2	386.745	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.5467	pCO2	422.757	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.6045	pCO2	409.557	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.681	pCO2	396.061	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.7768	pCO2	369.807	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.8591	pCO2	362.315	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2005.9379	pCO2	338.513	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.0784	pCO2	331.632	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.1057	pCO2	320.494	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.1441	pCO2	327.86	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.2591	pCO2	324.497	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.3534	pCO2	424.215	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.4865	pCO2	404.341	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.5468	pCO2	420.798	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.6043	pCO2	400.151	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.6811	pCO2	425.674	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.7039	pCO2	372.132	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.7399	pCO2	400.352	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.7796	pCO2	335.319	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.8537	pCO2	358.536	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.9112	pCO2	352.128	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2006.9277	pCO2	359.331	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.0761	pCO2	338.456	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.1077	pCO2	362.727	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.1441	pCO2	355.421	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.1796	pCO2	337.491	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.2181	pCO2	332.724	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.2534	pCO2	340.326	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.2868	pCO2	336.909	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.3742	pCO2	352.901	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.47	pCO2	384.834	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.5468	pCO2	414.101	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.6266	pCO2	421.467	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.6866	pCO2	378.535	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.7633	pCO2	360.382	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.8701	pCO2	358.75	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2007.9305	pCO2	352.436	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.0453	pCO2	339.63	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.1165	pCO2	332.257	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.1464	pCO2	338.583	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.1986	pCO2	333.934	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.2312	pCO2	336.587	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.2886	pCO2	353.935	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.4113	pCO2	359.211	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.4742	pCO2	395.73	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.5455	pCO2	401.826	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.619	pCO2	419.156	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.6982	pCO2	409.8	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.772	pCO2	391.184	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.8595	pCO2	354.046	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2008.9579	pCO2	345.669	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.1085	pCO2	353.512	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.1442	pCO2	342.956	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.1763	pCO2	337.31	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.2125	pCO2	340.139	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.2481	pCO2	341.439	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.2865	pCO2	353.712	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.3714	pCO2	380.656	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.4426	pCO2	401.408	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.5358	pCO2	399.007	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.6207	pCO2	428.538	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.6975	pCO2	421.949	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.7741	pCO2	387.191	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.8541	pCO2	368.843	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2009.9389	pCO2	356.96	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.0979	pCO2	338.256	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.1507	pCO2	348.691	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.189	pCO2	350.477	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.2329	pCO2	371.541	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.2685	pCO2	332.993	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.3068	pCO2	344.66	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.3671	pCO2	348.786	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.4767	pCO2	451.785	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.5618	pCO2	426.623	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.6384	pCO2	413.341	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.6795	pCO2	389.502	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.766	pCO2	368.396	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.862	pCO2	354.316	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2010.9389	pCO2	332.204	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2011.1477	pCO2	328.095	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2011.2345	pCO2	317.582	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2011.27	pCO2	338.803	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2011.3194	pCO2	345.329	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2011.377	pCO2	339.015	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2011.5141	pCO2	426.869	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2011.6318	pCO2	397.492	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2011.7005	pCO2	410.2	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2011.8337	pCO2	361.95	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2011.8813	pCO2	346.82	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2011.9357	pCO2	331.13	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.08107	pCO2	328.02	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.11112	pCO2	332.39	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.18762	pCO2	337.82	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.24193	pCO2	327.36	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.28033	pCO2	339.06	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.31866	pCO2	355.06	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.38428	pCO2	359.78	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.4662	pCO2	377.32	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.53178	pCO2	416.4	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.6373	pCO2	414.64	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.7012	pCO2	395.19	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.8005	pCO2	379.58	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.874	pCO2	363.07	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2012.9469	pCO2	353.43	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.062	pCO2	341.27	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.119	pCO2	351.05	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.155	pCO2	341.882	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.196	pCO2	332.536	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.235	pCO2	337.535	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.267	pCO2	337.892	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.311	pCO2	342.468	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.372	pCO2	362.674	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.457	pCO2	397.85	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.511	pCO2	435.967	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.588	pCO2	439.25	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.714	pCO2	403.523	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.802	pCO2	376.416	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.873	pCO2	361.097	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2013.942	pCO2	349.987	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2014.18	pCO2	350.939	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2014.278	pCO2	318.005	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2014.328	pCO2	333.405	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2014.448	pCO2	375.796	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2014.525	pCO2	414.065	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2014.64	pCO2	409.325	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2014.703	pCO2	403.492	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2014.826	pCO2	356.439	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2014.89	pCO2	361.28	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2014.944	pCO2	351.927	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2015.095	pCO2	337.077	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2015.196	pCO2	332.419	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2015.27	pCO2	348.12	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2015.363	pCO2	366.07	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2015.479	pCO2	426.45	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2015.534	pCO2	409.26	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2015.627	pCO2	437.05	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2015.7	pCO2	410.04	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2015.863	pCO2	361.66	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2015.911	pCO2	352.68	micro-atmospheres
Bermuda	2015.95	pCO2	355.49	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1995.950685	pH	8.0597	pH
Cariaco	1996.032787	pH	8.0603	pH
Cariaco	1996.120219	pH	8.069	pH
Cariaco	1996.29235	pH	7.9921	pH
Cariaco	1996.355191	pH	8.0482	pH
Cariaco	1996.448087	pH	8.0813	pH
Cariaco	1996.52459	pH	8.0842	pH
Cariaco	1996.598361	pH	8.0689	pH
Cariaco	1996.693989	pH	8.114	pH
Cariaco	1996.860656	pH	8.0723	pH
Cariaco	1996.945355	pH	8.0808	pH
Cariaco	1997.019178	pH	8.0762	pH
Cariaco	1997.120548	pH	8.0486	pH
Cariaco	1997.19726	pH	8.0841	pH
Cariaco	1997.287671	pH	8.0393	pH
Cariaco	1997.356164	pH	8.072	pH
Cariaco	1997.460274	pH	8.0667	pH
Cariaco	1997.517808	pH	8.0806	pH
Cariaco	1997.627397	pH	8.0538	pH
Cariaco	1997.712329	pH	8.1012	pH
Cariaco	1997.786301	pH	8.1025	pH
Cariaco	1997.868493	pH	8.0727	pH
Cariaco	1997.961644	pH	8.0539	pH
Cariaco	1998.038356	pH	8.0618	pH
Cariaco	1998.115068	pH	8.0783	pH
Cariaco	1998.194521	pH	8.1234	pH
Cariaco	1998.30411	pH	8.0557	pH
Cariaco	1998.438356	pH	8.0632	pH
Cariaco	1998.520548	pH	8.0599	pH
Cariaco	1998.594521	pH	8.0896	pH
Cariaco	1998.668493	pH	8.0962	pH
Cariaco	1998.786301	pH	8.0732	pH
Cariaco	1998.860274	pH	8.0908	pH
Cariaco	1998.958904	pH	8.0827	pH
Cariaco	1999.032877	pH	8.0786	pH
Cariaco	1999.112329	pH	8.0223	pH
Cariaco	1999.172603	pH	8.065	pH
Cariaco	1999.265753	pH	8.0799	pH
Cariaco	1999.345205	pH	8.0575	pH
Cariaco	1999.435616	pH	8.0585	pH
Cariaco	1999.536986	pH	8.084	pH
Cariaco	1999.610959	pH	8.084	pH
Cariaco	1999.70411	pH	8.105	pH
Cariaco	1999.843836	pH	8.0994	pH
Cariaco	1999.934247	pH	8.1051	pH
Cariaco	2000.030055	pH	8.0646	pH
Cariaco	2000.106557	pH	8.0171	pH
Cariaco	2000.188525	pH	8.0412	pH
Cariaco	2000.278689	pH	8.0587	pH
Cariaco	2000.360656	pH	8.0467	pH
Cariaco	2000.431694	pH	8.052	pH
Cariaco	2000.516393	pH	8.0967	pH
Cariaco	2000.606557	pH	8.0881	pH
Cariaco	2000.699454	pH	8.0864	pH
Cariaco	2000.775956	pH	8.0801	pH
Cariaco	2000.84153	pH	8.1092	pH
Cariaco	2000.928962	pH	8.0682	pH
Cariaco	2001.030137	pH	8.0791	pH
Cariaco	2001.128767	pH	8.0456	pH
Cariaco	2001.2	pH	8.0394	pH
Cariaco	2001.257534	pH	8.0565	pH
Cariaco	2001.342466	pH	8.06	pH
Cariaco	2002.194521	pH	8.0535	pH
Cariaco	2002.252055	pH	8.073	pH
Cariaco	2002.347945	pH	8.083	pH
Cariaco	2002.446575	pH	8.081	pH
Cariaco	2002.520548	pH	8.121	pH
Cariaco	2002.59726	pH	8.085	pH
Cariaco	2002.756164	pH	8.101	pH
Cariaco	2002.852055	pH	8.074	pH
Cariaco	2002.928767	pH	8.052	pH
Cariaco	2003.038356	pH	8.058	pH
Cariaco	2003.115068	pH	8.0999	pH
Cariaco	2003.191781	pH	8.0655	pH
Cariaco	2003.364384	pH	8.08	pH
Cariaco	2003.441096	pH	8.08	pH
Cariaco	2003.517808	pH	8.0433	pH
Cariaco	2003.591781	pH	8.067	pH
Cariaco	2003.690411	pH	8.085	pH
Cariaco	2003.863014	pH	8.119	pH
Cariaco	2003.939726	pH	8.109	pH
Cariaco	2004.035519	pH	8.082	pH
Cariaco	2004.106557	pH	8.082	pH
Cariaco	2004.185792	pH	8.113	pH
Cariaco	2004.265027	pH	8.075	pH
Cariaco	2004.36612	pH	8.082	pH
Cariaco	2004.437158	pH	8.093	pH
Cariaco	2004.516393	pH	8.066	pH
Cariaco	2004.60929	pH	8.06	pH
Cariaco	2004.685792	pH	8.096	pH
Cariaco	2004.857923	pH	8.112	pH
Cariaco	2005.112329	pH	8.069	pH
Cariaco	2005.183562	pH	8.054	pH
Cariaco	2005.260274	pH	8.044	pH
Cariaco	2005.452055	pH	8.079	pH
Cariaco	2005.528767	pH	8.063	pH
Cariaco	2005.608219	pH	8.062	pH
Cariaco	2005.761644	pH	8.065	pH
Cariaco	2005.956164	pH	8.071	pH
Cariaco	2006.032877	pH	8.048	pH
Cariaco	2006.10411	pH	8.069	pH
Cariaco	2006.205479	pH	8.035	pH
Cariaco	2006.257534	pH	8.059	pH
Cariaco	2006.430137	pH	8.051	pH
Cariaco	2006.506849	pH	8.06	pH
Cariaco	2006.589041	pH	8.067	pH
Cariaco	2006.69863	pH	8.077	pH
Cariaco	2006.775342	pH	8.048	pH
Cariaco	2006.838356	pH	8.096	pH
Cariaco	2006.928767	pH	8.065	pH
Cariaco	2007.10137	pH	8.041	pH
Cariaco	2007.178082	pH	8.029	pH
Cariaco	2007.273973	pH	8.027	pH
Cariaco	2007.350685	pH	8.043	pH
Cariaco	2007.427397	pH	8.078	pH
Cariaco	2007.50411	pH	8.06	pH
Cariaco	2007.6	pH	8.075	pH
Cariaco	2007.676712	pH	8.107	pH
Cariaco	2007.772603	pH	8.096	pH
Cariaco	2007.945205	pH	8.084	pH
Cariaco	2008.027322	pH	8.063	pH
Cariaco	2008.117486	pH	8.045	pH
Cariaco	2008.193989	pH	8.06	pH
Cariaco	2008.270492	pH	8.054	pH
Cariaco	2008.346995	pH	8.059	pH
Cariaco	2008.42623	pH	8.05	pH
Cariaco	2008.519126	pH	8.033	pH
Cariaco	2008.595628	pH	8.048	pH
Cariaco	2008.693989	pH	8.087	pH
Cariaco	2008.775956	pH	8.114	pH
Cariaco	2008.882514	pH	8.058	pH
Cariaco	2008.942623	pH	8.073	pH
Cariaco	2009.035616	pH	8.056	pH
Cariaco	2009.035616	pH	8.054	pH
Cariaco	2009.112329	pH	8.03	pH
Cariaco	2009.169863	pH	8.027	pH
Cariaco	2009.265753	pH	8.027	pH
Cariaco	2009.350685	pH	8.029	pH
Cariaco	2009.419178	pH	8.015	pH
Cariaco	2009.534247	pH	8.061	pH
Cariaco	2009.610959	pH	8.061	pH
Cariaco	2009.706849	pH	8.065	pH
Cariaco	2009.764384	pH	8.065	pH
Cariaco	2009.860274	pH	8.092	pH
Cariaco	2009.936986	pH	8.065	pH
Cariaco	2010.032877	pH	8.045	pH
Cariaco	2010.115068	pH	8.056	pH
Cariaco	2010.186301	pH	8.058	pH
Cariaco	2010.265753	pH	8.048	pH
Cariaco	2010.358904	pH	8.064	pH
Cariaco	2010.435616	pH	8.069	pH
Cariaco	2010.591781	pH	8.052	pH
Cariaco	2010.706849	pH	8.1	pH
Cariaco	2010.758904	pH	8.111	pH
Cariaco	2010.857534	pH	8.102	pH
Cariaco	2010.936986	pH	8.071	pH
Cariaco	2011.030137	pH	8.083	pH
Cariaco	2011.106849	pH	8.078	pH
Cariaco	2011.20274	pH	8.027	pH
Cariaco	2011.279452	pH	8.059	pH
Cariaco	2011.356164	pH	8.044	pH
Cariaco	2011.438356	pH	8.091	pH
Cariaco	2011.515068	pH	8.046	pH
Cariaco	2011.605479	pH	8.056	pH
Cariaco	2011.682192	pH	8.077	pH
Cariaco	2011.758904	pH	8.07	pH
Cariaco	2011.882192	pH	8.006	pH
Cariaco	2012.027322	pH	8.041	pH
Cariaco	2012.103825	pH	8.037	pH
Cariaco	2012.20765	pH	8.04	pH
Cariaco	2012.275956	pH	8.042	pH
Cariaco	2012.371585	pH	8.055	pH
Cariaco	2012.568306	pH	8.046	pH
Cariaco	2012.620219	pH	8.07	pH
Cariaco	2012.693989	pH	8.057	pH
Cariaco	2012.775956	pH	8.073	pH
Cariaco	2012.855191	pH	8.108	pH
Cariaco	2012.92623	pH	8.047	pH
Cariaco	2013.175342	pH	8.029	pH
Cariaco	2013.271233	pH	8.033	pH
Cariaco	2013.353425	pH	8.026	pH
Cariaco	2013.443836	pH	8.047	pH
Cariaco	2013.526027	pH	8.047	pH
Cariaco	2013.616438	pH	8.032	pH
Cariaco	2013.69589	pH	8.088	pH
Cariaco	2013.769863	pH	8.077	pH
Cariaco	2013.868493	pH	8.06	pH
Cariaco	2013.926027	pH	8.05	pH
Cariaco	2014.038356	pH	8.027	pH
Cariaco	2014.09589	pH	8.015	pH
Cariaco	2014.249315	pH	7.987	pH
Cariaco	2014.345205	pH	8.052	pH
Cariaco	2014.449315	pH	8.024	pH
Cariaco	2014.673973	pH	8.05	pH
Cariaco	2014.767123	pH	8.069	pH
Cariaco	2014.865753	pH	8.053	pH
Cariaco	2014.926027	pH	8.052	pH
Cariaco	2015.189041	pH	8.01	pH
Cariaco	2015.312329	pH	8.034	pH
Cariaco	2015.575342	pH	7.986	pH
Cariaco	2015.630137	pH	8.001	pH
Cariaco	2015.693151	pH	8.04	pH
Cariaco	2015.876712	pH	8.038	pH
Cariaco	2015.939726	pH	7.944	pH
Cariaco	2016.032787	pH	8.044	pH
Cariaco	2016.095628	pH	8.051	pH
Cariaco	2016.360656	pH	8.03	pH
Cariaco	2016.721311	pH	8.064	pH
Cariaco	2016.972678	pH	8.05	pH
Cariaco	2017.032877	pH	8.044	pH
Cariaco	1995.950685	pCO2	400.9259855	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1996.032787	pCO2	388.1318905	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1996.120219	pCO2	375.3921506	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1996.29235	pCO2	443.3656285	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1996.355191	pCO2	381.5918603	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1996.448087	pCO2	379.3235822	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1996.52459	pCO2	410.2562109	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1996.598361	pCO2	405.8909145	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1996.693989	pCO2	397.1891711	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1996.860656	pCO2	403.0667981	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1996.945355	pCO2	395.2597321	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1997.019178	pCO2	360.2336321	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1997.120548	pCO2	393.7626276	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1997.19726	pCO2	333.9389272	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1997.287671	pCO2	387.4388406	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1997.356164	pCO2	366.8676264	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1997.517808	pCO2	371.3147086	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1997.627397	pCO2	395.2686922	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1997.786301	pCO2	404.9794093	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1997.868493	pCO2	409.0701778	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1997.961644	pCO2	404.8791135	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1998.038356	pCO2	388.2663761	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1998.115068	pCO2	386.8519797	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1998.194521	pCO2	299.4675843	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1998.30411	pCO2	426.4137957	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1998.438356	pCO2	423.3268554	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1998.520548	pCO2	387.6878346	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1998.594521	pCO2	422.0270365	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1998.668493	pCO2	400.8712975	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1998.786301	pCO2	417.2106045	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1998.860274	pCO2	397.6639581	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1998.958904	pCO2	402.7256158	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1999.032877	pCO2	366.882164	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1999.112329	pCO2	398.3173639	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1999.172603	pCO2	384.8760561	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1999.265753	pCO2	384.4551806	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1999.345205	pCO2	420.9484376	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1999.435616	pCO2	421.1315688	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1999.536986	pCO2	393.9132795	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1999.610959	pCO2	403.53508	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1999.70411	pCO2	407.0378661	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1999.843836	pCO2	398.3767402	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	1999.934247	pCO2	399.1344551	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.030055	pCO2	394.8925091	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.106557	pCO2	424.751055	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.188525	pCO2	416.4207644	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.278689	pCO2	388.4190881	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.360656	pCO2	395.4555064	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.431694	pCO2	410.6227546	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.516393	pCO2	330.9741144	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.606557	pCO2	428.1844294	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.699454	pCO2	410.7580254	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.775956	pCO2	416.6420867	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.84153	pCO2	379.5875341	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2000.928962	pCO2	395.3665621	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2001.030137	pCO2	360.9996005	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2001.128767	pCO2	367.1312914	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2001.2	pCO2	370.1228339	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2001.257534	pCO2	410.1144007	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2002.194521	pCO2	372.6476905	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2002.347945	pCO2	394.2441707	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2002.446575	pCO2	403.3046304	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2002.520548	pCO2	318.5211241	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2002.59726	pCO2	412.2412902	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2002.756164	pCO2	413.7614475	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2002.852055	pCO2	404.1781911	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2002.928767	pCO2	392.6152993	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2003.038356	pCO2	383.2448056	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2003.115068	pCO2	335.5541741	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2003.191781	pCO2	356.6696526	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2003.364384	pCO2	362.8005192	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2003.441096	pCO2	382.3936813	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2003.517808	pCO2	425.1125036	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2003.591781	pCO2	401.0993811	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2003.690411	pCO2	398.4816886	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2003.863014	pCO2	390.6866974	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2003.939726	pCO2	382.2862067	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2004.035519	pCO2	374.6391231	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2004.106557	pCO2	358.6300687	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2004.185792	pCO2	346.0374715	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2004.265027	pCO2	389.9034609	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2004.437158	pCO2	373.9797112	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2004.516393	pCO2	398.1465961	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2004.60929	pCO2	385.9799016	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2004.857923	pCO2	391.4424303	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2005.112329	pCO2	414.1354424	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2005.183562	pCO2	454.331392	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2005.260274	pCO2	402.1480223	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2005.452055	pCO2	425.9230545	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2005.608219	pCO2	411.639804	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2005.761644	pCO2	452.3689508	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2006.10411	pCO2	370.9176042	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2006.205479	pCO2	422.3982451	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2006.257534	pCO2	377.5266827	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2006.430137	pCO2	424.9529535	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2006.506849	pCO2	412.3183153	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2006.589041	pCO2	427.9101272	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2006.69863	pCO2	434.5489391	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2006.775342	pCO2	435.1468664	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2006.838356	pCO2	407.8419109	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2006.928767	pCO2	421.7901694	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2007.10137	pCO2	389.8598199	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2007.178082	pCO2	438.8469889	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2007.273973	pCO2	432.013743	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2007.350685	pCO2	434.4787272	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2007.427397	pCO2	420.2767177	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2007.50411	pCO2	419.3272466	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2007.6	pCO2	432.6361665	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2007.676712	pCO2	394.0351799	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2007.772603	pCO2	412.3683604	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2007.945205	pCO2	408.0055	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.027322	pCO2	408.1966436	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.117486	pCO2	419.6764901	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.193989	pCO2	376.6375383	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.270492	pCO2	388.9634647	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.346995	pCO2	417.3113113	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.42623	pCO2	447.8442595	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.519126	pCO2	446.0378749	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.595628	pCO2	429.2416909	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.693989	pCO2	445.9590732	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.775956	pCO2	402.3971509	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.882514	pCO2	439.5178525	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2008.942623	pCO2	403.0616419	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2009.035616	pCO2	398.6744119	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2009.035616	pCO2	403.2250735	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2009.169863	pCO2	421.3232797	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2009.350685	pCO2	421.9852321	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2009.419178	pCO2	448.4034077	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2009.534247	pCO2	431.1024482	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2009.610959	pCO2	478.557497	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2009.706849	pCO2	430.1402498	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2009.764384	pCO2	426.5965057	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2009.860274	pCO2	410.1564949	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2009.936986	pCO2	402.8008691	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2010.032877	pCO2	424.4576415	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2010.115068	pCO2	378.3212737	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2010.186301	pCO2	448.1499153	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2010.265753	pCO2	429.6033903	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2010.358904	pCO2	406.3509567	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2010.435616	pCO2	443.409316	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2010.591781	pCO2	444.8936142	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2010.706849	pCO2	426.7099859	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2010.857534	pCO2	423.6372148	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2010.936986	pCO2	428.0878026	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2011.030137	pCO2	381.4804462	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2011.106849	pCO2	371.046937	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2011.20274	pCO2	443.3409132	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2011.279452	pCO2	389.7336866	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2011.356164	pCO2	449.5502831	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2011.438356	pCO2	422.8609954	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2011.515068	pCO2	449.8217933	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2011.605479	pCO2	453.5033266	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2011.682192	pCO2	446.4898745	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2011.758904	pCO2	428.6111639	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2011.882192	pCO2	527.3916609	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2012.027322	pCO2	422.364389	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2012.103825	pCO2	388.0194726	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2012.20765	pCO2	378.9183724	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2012.275956	pCO2	413.480173	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2012.371585	pCO2	442.5710555	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2012.568306	pCO2	439.7902704	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2012.620219	pCO2	433.5757352	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2012.693989	pCO2	442.1120917	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2012.775956	pCO2	431.9518346	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2012.92623	pCO2	433.5413983	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2013.175342	pCO2	422.6012729	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2013.271233	pCO2	423.7039284	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2013.353425	pCO2	442.6447925	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2013.443836	pCO2	438.5487863	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2013.526027	pCO2	464.5739091	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2013.69589	pCO2	431.8985242	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2013.769863	pCO2	443.3936175	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2013.868493	pCO2	431.4121971	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2013.926027	pCO2	434.519596	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2014.038356	pCO2	405.6562287	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2014.09589	pCO2	408.2740083	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2014.249315	pCO2	454.6734813	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2014.345205	pCO2	383.2048758	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2014.449315	pCO2	438.6059728	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2014.673973	pCO2	455.9840682	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2014.767123	pCO2	419.4221355	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2014.865753	pCO2	441.5193439	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2014.926027	pCO2	428.5067304	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2015.189041	pCO2	433.7285214	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2015.312329	pCO2	402.5176872	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2015.575342	pCO2	493.7726527	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2015.630137	pCO2	462.6742223	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2015.693151	pCO2	566.2994148	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2015.876712	pCO2	435.7300547	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2015.939726	pCO2	561.376609	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2016.032787	pCO2	404.70277	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2016.095628	pCO2	394.5940803	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2016.360656	pCO2	454.8516127	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2016.972678	pCO2	432.7974565	micro-atmospheres
Cariaco	2017.032877	pCO2	373.5639285	micro-atmospheres

Figure 2

Figure 2. Changes in Aragonite Saturation of the World’s Oceans, 1880–2015

Data source: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 2016¹⁰
Web update: August 2016

Figure image (PNG)

Figure 2. Changes in Aragonite Saturation of the World’s Oceans, 1880–2015

This map shows changes in the aragonite saturation level of ocean surface waters between the 1880s and the most recent decade (2006–2015). Aragonite is a form of calcium carbonate that many marine animals use to build their skeletons and shells. The lower the saturation level, the more difficult it is for organisms to build and maintain their skeletons and shells. A negative change represents a decrease in saturation.

EPA publishes this map as an image only, with no underlying data file, so there is no data table for this figure.

pH Scale

pH Scale

Image recreated from: Environment Canada, 2008,⁴ with additional data from IPCC, 2014⁵
Web update: August 2016

Figure image (PNG)

pH Scale

Acidity is commonly measured using the pH scale. Pure water has a pH of about 7, which is considered neutral. A substance with a pH less than 7 is considered to be acidic, while a substance with a pH greater than 7 is considered to be basic or alkaline. The lower the pH, the more acidic the substance. Like the well-known Richter scale for measuring earthquakes, the pH scale is based on powers of 10, which means a substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4. For more information about pH, visit: www.epa.gov/acidrain/what-acid-rain.

EPA publishes this graphic as an image only, with no underlying data file, so there is no data table for it.

Key Points

• Measurements made over the last few decades have demonstrated that ocean carbon dioxide levels have risen in response to increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to an increase in acidity (that is, a decrease in pH) (Figure 1).
• Historical modeling suggests that since the 1880s, increased carbon dioxide has led to lower aragonite saturation levels in the oceans around the world, which makes it more difficult for certain organisms to build and maintain their skeletons and shells (Figure 2).
• The largest decreases in aragonite saturation have occurred in tropical waters (Figure 2); however, decreases in cold areas may be of greater concern because colder waters typically have lower aragonite saturation levels to begin with.³

Background

The ocean plays an important role in regulating the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide rise (see the Atmospheric Concentrations of Greenhouse Gases indicator), the ocean absorbs more carbon dioxide. Because of the slow mixing time between surface waters and deeper waters, it can take hundreds to thousands of years to establish this balance. From 1750 to 2019, oceans absorbed about 25 percent of the carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere by human activities, according to data in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (total human emissions of 685 ± 75 PgC and ocean uptake of 170 ± 20 PgC).¹

Although the ocean’s ability to take up carbon dioxide prevents atmospheric levels from climbing even higher, rising levels of carbon dioxide dissolved in the ocean can have a negative effect on some marine life. Carbon dioxide reacts with sea water to produce carbonic acid. The resulting increase in acidity (measured by lower pH values) changes the balance of minerals in the water. This makes it more difficult for corals, some types of plankton, and other creatures to produce a mineral called calcium carbonate, which is the main ingredient in their hard skeletons or shells. Thus, declining pH can make it more difficult for these animals to thrive. This can lead to broader changes in the overall structure of ocean and coastal ecosystems, and can ultimately affect fish and shellfish populations and the people, communities, or Tribes who depend on them for jobs or subsistence.²

While changes in ocean pH and mineral saturation caused by the uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide generally occur over many decades, these properties can fluctuate over shorter periods, especially in coastal and surface waters. For example, increased photosynthesis during the day and during the summer leads to natural fluctuations in pH. Acidity also varies with water temperature.

About the Indicator

This indicator describes trends in pH and related properties of ocean water, based on a combination of direct observations, calculations, and modeling.

Figure 1 shows pH values and levels of dissolved carbon dioxide at four locations that have collected measurements consistently over the last few decades. These data have been either measured directly or calculated from related measurements, such as dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity. Data come from two stations in the Atlantic Ocean (Bermuda and the Canary Islands), one in the Caribbean Sea (Cariaco Basin), and one in the Pacific (Hawaii).

The global map in Figure 2 shows changes over time in aragonite saturation level. Aragonite is a specific form of calcium carbonate that many organisms produce and use to build their skeletons and shells, and the saturation state is a measure of how easily aragonite can dissolve in the water. The lower the saturation level, the more difficult it is for organisms to build and maintain their protective skeletons and shells. This map was created by comparing average conditions during the 1880s with average conditions during the most recent 10 years of available data (2006–2015). Aragonite saturation has only been measured at selected locations during the last few decades, but it can be calculated reliably for different times and locations based on the relationships scientists have observed among aragonite saturation, pH, dissolved carbon, water temperature, concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and other factors that can be measured. Thus, while Figure 2 was created using a computer model, it is based on measurements.

Indicator Notes

This indicator focuses on surface waters, which can absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere within a few months.³ It can take much longer for changes in pH and mineral saturation to spread to deeper waters, so the full effect of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations on ocean acidity may not be seen for many decades, if not centuries. Studies suggest that the impacts of ocean acidification may be greater at depth, because the aragonite saturation level is naturally lower in deeper waters.³

Ocean chemistry is not uniform around the world, so local conditions can cause pH or aragonite saturation measurements to differ from the global average. For example, carbon dioxide dissolves more readily in cold water than in warm water, so colder regions could experience greater impacts from acidity than warmer regions. Air and water pollution also lead to increased acidity in some areas.

Data Sources

Data for Figure 1 came from four studies: the Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study, the European Station for Time-Series in the Ocean (Canary Islands), the Carbon Retention in a Colored Ocean (CARIACO) program (Cariaco Basin), and the Hawaii Ocean Time-Series. Bermuda data are available at: https://bats.bios.asu.edu. Canary Islands data are available at: https://plocan.eu/en/installations/ocean-observatory, and Cariaco Basin data are available at: https://erddap.bco-dmo.org/erddap/tabledap/bcodmo_dataset_3093.htmlTable. Hawaii data are available at: https://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/hotco2/HOT_surface_CO2.txt.

The map in Figure 2 was created by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution using Community Earth System Model data. Related information can be found at: www.cesm.ucar.edu/models.

Technical Documentation

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References

1. Canadell, J. G., Monteiro, P. M. S., Costa, M. H., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Cox, P. M., Eliseev, A. V., Henson, S., Ishii, M., Jaccard, S., Koven, C., Lohila, A., Patra, P. K., Piao, S., Rogelj, J., Syampungani, S., Zaehle, S., & Zickfeld, K. (2021). Chapter 5: Global carbon and other biogeochemical cycles and feedbacks. In IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Climate change 2021—The physical science basis: Working Group I contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157896.007
2. Bednaršek, N., Tarling, G. A., Bakker, D. C. E., Fielding, S., Jones, E. M., Venables, H. J., Ward, P., Kuzirian, A., Lézé, B., Feely, R. A., & Murphy, E. J. (2012). Extensive dissolution of live pteropods in the Southern Ocean. Nature Geoscience, 5(12), 881–885. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1635
3. Feely, R., Doney, S., & Cooley, S. (2009). Ocean acidification: Present conditions and future changes in a high-CO₂ world. Oceanography, 22(4), 36–47. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2009.95
4. Environment Canada. (2008). Acid rain. Retrieved April 16, 2024, from https://web.archive.org/web/20130312025534/http://www.ec.gc.ca/eau-water/default.asp?lang=En&n=FDF30C16-1
5. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). (2014). Climate change 2014—Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability: Working Group II contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (R. K. Pachauri & L. A. Meyer, Eds.). Cambridge University Press. www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/syr
6. Bates, N. R. (2016). Update to data originally published in Bates, N. R., Best, M. H. P., Neely, K., Garley, R., Dickson, A. G., & Johnson, R. J. (2012). Detecting anthropogenic carbon dioxide uptake and ocean acidification in the North Atlantic Ocean. Biogeosciences, 9(7), 2509–2522. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2509-2012
7. González-Dávila, M. (2012). Update to data originally published in González-Dávila, M., Santana-Casiano, J. M., Rueda, M. J., & Llinás, O. (2010). The water column distribution of carbonate system variables at the ESTOC site from 1995 to 2004. Biogeosciences, 7(10), 3067–3081. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-3067-2010
8. University of South Florida. (2021). Carbon Retention in a Colored Ocean (CARIACO) Ocean Time-Series Program [Data set]. Retrieved March 1, 2021, from https://erddap.bco-dmo.org/erddap/tabledap/bcodmo_dataset_3093.htmlTable
9. University of Hawai’i. (2023). Hawaii Ocean Time-Series (HOT) [Data set]. Retrieved March 12, 2024, from https://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/hotco2/HOT_surface_CO2.txt
10. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. (2016). Update to data originally published in Feely, R., Doney, S., & Cooley, S. (2009). Ocean acidification: Present conditions and future changes in a high-CO2 world. Oceanography, 22(4), 36–47. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2009.95

Text on this page is EPA’s own published wording (a U.S. Government work, not subject to domestic copyright), extracted from EPA’s published indicator page. Data, figure images, and the full extraction pipeline are maintained in the ocean-acidity repository, which this page reads its data from directly.